Samarium is a chemical element with symbol Sm and atomic number 62.
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18 Facts About Samarium
2.
Samarium has no significant biological role but is only slightly toxic.
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3.
Samarium was discovered in 1879 by French chemist Paul-Emile Lecoq de Boisbaudran and named after the mineral samarskite from which it was isolated.
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4.
Samarium is a rare earth element with hardness and density similar to zinc.
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5.
Samarium is quite electropositive and reacts slowly with cold water and quite quickly with hot water to form samarium hydroxide:.
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IBM6.
Samarium is one of the few lanthanides that exhibit oxidation state +2.
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7.
Samarium is one of the few lanthanides that form a monoxide, SmO.
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8.
Samarium hexaboride is a typical intermediate-valence compound where samarium is present both as Sm and Sm ions at the ratio 3:7.
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9.
Samarium carbides are prepared by melting a graphite-metal mixture in an inert atmosphere.
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10.
Samarium monophosphide SmP is a semiconductor with the bandgap of 1.
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11.
Samarium was thus the first chemical element to be named after a person.
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12.
Samarium can be obtained by reducing its oxide with lanthanum.
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13.
Samarium-151 is produced in nuclear fission of uranium with a yield of about 0.
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14.
Samarium catalysts help decomposition of plastics, dechlorination of pollutants such as polychlorinated biphenyls, as well as dehydration and dehydrogenation of ethanol.
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15.
Samarium iodide is a very common reducing and coupling agent in organic synthesis, for example in desulfonylation reactions; annulation; Danishefsky, Kuwajima, Mukaiyama and Holton Taxol total syntheses; strychnine total synthesis; Barbier reaction and other reductions with samarium iodide.
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16.
Samarium-149 has high cross-section for neutron capture and so is used in control rods of nuclear reactors.
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17.
Samarium-doped calcium fluoride crystals were used as an active medium in one of the first solid-state lasers designed and built by Peter Sorokin and Mirek Stevenson at IBM research labs in early 1961.
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18.
Samarium is not absorbed by plants to a measurable concentration and so is normally not part of human diet.
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