12 Facts About SPSS

SPSS Statistics is a statistical software suite developed by IBM for data management, advanced analytics, multivariate analysis, business intelligence, and criminal investigation.

SPSS is a widely used program for statistical analysis in social science.

The original SPSS manual has been described as one of "sociology's most influential books" for allowing ordinary researchers to do their own statistical analysis.

Many features of SPSS Statistics are accessible via pull-down menus or can be programmed with a proprietary 4GL command syntax language.

The Python programmability extension, introduced in SPSS 14, replaced the less functional SAX Basic "scripts" for most purposes, although SaxBasic remains available.

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SPSS datasets have a two-dimensional table structure, where the rows typically represent cases and the columns represent measurements .

SPSS Statistics is available under either an annual or a monthly subscription license.

SPSS v25 adds new and advanced statistics, such as random effects solution results, robust standard errors, and profile plots with error bars within the Advanced Statistics and Custom Tables add-on.

SPSS was released in its first version in 1968 as the Statistical Package for the Social Sciences after being developed by Norman H Nie, Dale H Bent, and C Hadlai Hull.

Early versions of SPSS Statistics were written in Fortran and designed for batch processing on mainframes, including for example IBM and ICL versions, originally using punched cards for data and program input.

IBM SPSS is fully integrated into the IBM Corporation, and is one of the brands under IBM Software Group's Business Analytics Portfolio, together with IBM Algorithmics, IBM Cognos and IBM OpenPages.

Companion software in the "IBM SPSS" family are used for data mining and text analytics, and realtime credit scoring services .