26 Facts About Sulfur dioxide

Sulfur dioxide is found on Earth and exists in very small concentrations and in the atmosphere at about 1 ppm.

On other planets, sulfur dioxide can be found in various concentrations, the most significant being the atmosphere of Venus, where it is the third-most abundant atmospheric gas at 150 ppm.

Sulfur dioxide is primarily produced for sulfuric acid manufacture .

Some sulfur dioxide is produced by roasting pyrite and other sulfide ores in air.

Sulfur dioxide is the product of the burning of sulfur or of burning materials that contain sulfur:.

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Sulfur dioxide can be a byproduct in the manufacture of calcium silicate cement; CaSO4 is heated with coke and sand in this process:.

Sulfur dioxide is the oxidising agent in the Claus process, which is conducted on a large scale in oil refineries.

Sequential oxidation of sulfur dioxide followed by its hydration is used in the production of sulfuric acid.

Sulfur dioxide is one of the few common acidic yet reducing gases.

Sulfur dioxide can bind to metal ions as a ligand to form metal sulfur dioxide complexes, typically where the transition metal is in oxidation state 0 or +1.

Sulfur dioxide is an intermediate in the production of sulfuric acid, being converted to sulfur trioxide, and then to oleum, which is made into sulfuric acid.

Sulfur dioxide is sometimes used as a preservative for dried apricots, dried figs, and other dried fruits, owing to its antimicrobial properties and ability to prevent oxidation, and is called E220 when used in this way in Europe.

Sulfur dioxide was first used in winemaking by the Romans, when they discovered that burning sulfur candles inside empty wine vessels keeps them fresh and free from vinegar smell.

Sulfur dioxide exists in wine in free and bound forms, and the combinations are referred to as total SO2.

In municipal wastewater treatment, sulfur dioxide is used to treat chlorinated wastewater prior to release.

Sulfur dioxide is fairly soluble in water, and by both IR and Raman spectroscopy; the hypothetical sulfurous acid, H2SO3, is not present to any extent.

Endogenous sulfur dioxide has been shown to lower the proliferation rate of endothelial smooth muscle cells in blood vessels, via lowering the MAPK activity and activating adenylyl cyclase and protein kinase A Smooth muscle cell proliferation is one of important mechanisms of hypertensive remodeling of blood vessels and their stenosis, so it is an important pathogenetic mechanism in arterial hypertension and atherosclerosis.

The vasodilating and bronchodilating effects of sulfur dioxide are mediated via ATP-dependent calcium channels and L-type calcium channels.

Endogenous sulfur dioxide is a potent antiinflammatory, antioxidant and cytoprotective agent.

Sulfur dioxide is a versatile inert solvent widely used for dissolving highly oxidizing salts.

Sulfur dioxide is a noticeable component in the atmosphere, especially following volcanic eruptions.

Sulfur dioxide is a major air pollutant and has significant impacts upon human health.

Sulfur dioxide emissions are a precursor to acid rain and atmospheric particulates.

Sulfur dioxide can be removed from coal during burning by using limestone as a bed material in fluidized bed combustion.

Sulfur dioxide can be removed from fuels before burning, preventing formation of SO2 when the fuel is burnt.

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Sulfur dioxide is mildly toxic and can be hazardous in high concentrations.