23 Facts About Urea

Urea, known as carbamide, is an organic compound with chemical formula 2.

Urea serves an important role in the metabolism of nitrogen-containing compounds by animals and is the main nitrogen-containing substance in the urine of mammals.

Urea is widely used in fertilizers as a source of nitrogen and is an important raw material for the chemical industry.

Urea has the highest nitrogen content of all solid nitrogenous fertilizers in common use.

Urea can be used to make urea nitrate, a high explosive that is used industrially and as part of some improvised explosive devices.

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Urea is used in Selective Non-Catalytic Reduction and Selective Catalytic Reduction reactions to reduce the pollutants in exhaust gases from combustion from diesel, dual fuel, and lean-burn natural gas engines.

Urea in concentrations up to 10 M is a powerful protein denaturant as it disrupts the noncovalent bonds in the proteins.

Urea-containing creams are used as topical dermatological products to promote rehydration of the skin.

Urea has been studied as an excipient in Drug-coated Balloon coating formulation to enhance local drug delivery to stenotic blood vessels.

Urea, when used as an excipient in small doses to coat DCB surface was found to form crystals that increase drug transfer without adverse toxic effects on vascular endothelial cells.

Urea can be irritating to skin, eyes, and the respiratory tract.

Urea is synthesized in the body of many organisms as part of the urea cycle, either from the oxidation of amino acids or from ammonia.

Urea production occurs in the liver and is regulated by N-acetylglutamate.

Urea is reabsorbed in the inner medullary collecting ducts of the nephrons, thus raising the osmolarity in the medullary interstitium surrounding the thin descending limb of the loop of Henle, which makes the water reabsorb.

Urea is found in the urine of mammals and amphibians, as well as some fish.

Urea is readily quantified by a number of different methods, such as the diacetyl monoxime colorimetric method, and the Berthelot reaction.

Urea was first discovered in urine in 1727 by the Dutch scientist Herman Boerhaave, although this discovery is often attributed to the French chemist Hilaire Rouelle as well as William Cruickshank.

Urea's discovery prompted Wohler to write triumphantly to Jons Jakob Berzelius:.

Urea is produced on an industrial scale: In 2012, worldwide production capacity was approximately 184 million tonnes.

Urea conversion is incomplete, the product must be separated from unchanged ammonium carbamate.

Urea can be produced as prills, granules, pellets, crystals, and solutions.

Urea was first noticed by Herman Boerhaave in the early 18th century from evaporates of urine.

Urea is New Latin, from French, from Ancient Greek, itself from Proto-Indo-European *h2worsom.