30 Facts About Yumjaagiin Tsedenbal

Yumjaagiin Tsedenbal was a Mongolian politician who led the Mongolian People's Republic from 1952 to 1984.

Yumjaagiin Tsedenbal served as General Secretary of the ruling Mongolian People's Revolutionary Party from 1940 to 1954 and again from 1958 to 1984, as Chairman of the Council of Ministers from 1952 to 1974, and as Chairman of the Presidium of the People's Great Khural from 1974 to 1984.

Yumjaagiin Tsedenbal resisted de-Stalinization, and ousted and internally exiled several of his rivals in the 1960s.

Yumjaagiin Tsedenbal's policies were aimed at making Mongolia a loyal political and economic partner of the Soviet Union.

Yumjaagiin Tsedenbal was the longest-serving leader of modern Mongolia and any Eastern Bloc country, serving until his expulsion with Soviet support in 1984.

Yumjaagiin Tsedenbal retired to Moscow and died in 1991, and his legacy has been considered a controversial one since the 1990 democratic revolution.

Yumjaagiin Tsedenbal was born on 17 September 1916 to an unwed Dorbet mother in the Bayan Chandamani Uula banner.

The Mongolian students were invited for sightseeing in Moscow, where Yumjaagiin Tsedenbal was noticed by the Central Committee of the Soviet Communist Party.

From July 1939 to March 1940, Yumjaagiin Tsedenbal was concurrently Mongolia's minister of finance and chairman of the board of the state bank.

In December 1939, Yumjaagiin Tsedenbal joined Choibalsan and Ivanov for a meeting with Soviet leader Joseph Stalin in Moscow.

In March 1940, at age 24, Yumjaagiin Tsedenbal was elected a member of the Central Committee, member of the Presidium, and general secretary at the MPRP's Tenth Congress, becoming the country's number-two leader.

Yumjaagiin Tsedenbal was responsible for the introduction of the Cyrillic script for writing the Mongolian language, replacing Mongolian script.

Yumjaagiin Tsedenbal was appointed chairman of the State Planning Commission in 1945 and deputy chairman of the Council of Ministers in 1948.

Yumjaagiin Tsedenbal was appointed chairman of the Council of Ministers on 27 May 1952.

In 1954, Yumjaagiin Tsedenbal lost the position of general secretary to Damba.

In 1958, Yumjaagiin Tsedenbal ousted and internally exiled Damba, taking over his position.

In 1962, Yumjaagiin Tsedenbal proposed the slogan that mastering Russian, "the language of Lenin", was "a component of ideological education".

From 1963, Yumjaagiin Tsedenbal condemned many areas of emerging intellectual endeavor, including abstract art, new appreciation of Buddhist literature, and survey-based sociology, among others.

From 1966, Yumjaagiin Tsedenbal's policies were shaped by a determination to make Mongolia an "industrial-agricultural country".

Yumjaagiin Tsedenbal was awarded the highest distinction of Hero of the Mongolian People's Republic and presented with the Order of Sukhbaatar on his 50th birthday in 1966 for his "special services to the party, state, and Mongolian people", and was made an honorary member of the Academy of Sciences.

Yumjaagiin Tsedenbal promoted himself to army general, the highest rank in the Mongolian People's Army, and in 1979 created for himself the rank of marshal of the Mongolian People's Republic.

On his 65th birthday in 1981, Marshal Yumjaagiin Tsedenbal was given another Order of Sukhbaatar.

In 1959, Yumjaagiin Tsedenbal was in Beijing for the 10th anniversary of the People's Republic of China.

At the time of the Sino-Soviet split, Yumjaagiin Tsedenbal decisively sided with the Soviet Union and incurred China's wrath.

Mongolia under Yumjaagiin Tsedenbal increased its participation in international organizations, attempting first in 1955 to have the MPR join the United Nations and being admitted into the UN in 1961.

Under Yumjaagiin Tsedenbal, Mongolia established ties with West Germany on 31 January 1974.

Around late 1973, Yumjaagiin Tsedenbal began to experience moments of memory loss and spells of dizziness, which grew increasingly serious from 1975 on.

In 1981, at the Eighteenth Party Congress, Yumjaagiin Tsedenbal was praised as "the best leader of party and state", and again began purging intellectuals and former allies to "root out weeds" in the leadership.

In Mongolia, Yumjaagiin Tsedenbal is remembered for successfully maintaining a path of relatively moderate socialism during the Cold War.

Yumjaagiin Tsedenbal's granddaughter Anastasia Tsedenbal, born in 1985, graduated from the Lomonosov Moscow State University as an African researcher.