18 Facts About Civil engineering

Civil engineering is a professional engineering discipline that deals with the design, construction, and maintenance of the physical and naturally built environment, including public works such as roads, bridges, canals, dams, airports, sewage systems, pipelines, structural components of buildings, and railways.

Civil engineering is traditionally broken into a number of sub-disciplines.

Civil engineering can take place in the public sector from municipal public works departments through to federal government agencies, and in the private sector from locally based firms to global Fortune 500 companies.

Civil engineering is the application of physical and scientific principles for solving the problems of society, and its history is intricately linked to advances in the understanding of physics and mathematics throughout history.

One of the earliest examples of a scientific approach to physical and mathematical problems applicable to civil engineering is the work of Archimedes in the 3rd century BC, including Archimedes' principle, which underpins our understanding of buoyancy, and practical solutions such as Archimedes' screw.

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The earliest practice of civil engineering may have commenced between 4000 and 2000 BC in ancient Egypt, the Indus Valley civilization, and Mesopotamia when humans started to abandon a nomadic existence, creating a need for the construction of shelter.

In 1818 the Institution of Civil engineering Engineers was founded in London, and in 1820 the eminent engineer Thomas Telford became its first president.

In most countries, a bachelor's degree in Civil engineering represents the first step towards professional certification, and a professional body certifies the degree program.

General civil engineering is referred to as site engineering, a branch of civil engineering that primarily focuses on converting a tract of land from one usage to another.

Construction Civil engineering involves planning and execution, transportation of materials, site development based on hydraulic, environmental, structural and geotechnical Civil engineering.

Earthquake Civil engineering involves designing structures to withstand hazardous earthquake exposures.

The main objectives of earthquake Civil engineering are to understand interaction of structures on the shaky ground; foresee the consequences of possible earthquakes; and design, construct and maintain structures to perform at earthquake in compliance with building codes.

Forensic Civil engineering is the investigation of materials, products, structures or components that fail or do not operate or function as intended, causing personal injury or damage to property.

Structural Civil engineering is concerned with the structural design and structural analysis of buildings, bridges, towers, flyovers, tunnels, off shore structures like oil and gas fields in the sea, aerostructure and other structures.

Transportation Civil engineering is concerned with moving people and goods efficiently, safely, and in a manner conducive to a vibrant community.

Water resources Civil engineering is concerned with the collection and management of water .

Hydraulic Civil engineering is concerned with the flow and conveyance of fluids, principally water.

Civil engineering systems is a discipline that promotes the use of systems thinking to manage complexity and change in civil engineering within its wider public context.