27 Facts About Forensic

Forensic science, known as criminalistics, is the application of science to criminal and civil laws, mainly—on the criminal side—during criminal investigation, as governed by the legal standards of admissible evidence and criminal procedure.

Forensic science is a broad field that includes; DNA analysis, fingerprint analysis, blood stain pattern analysis, firearms examination and ballistics, tool mark analysis, serology, toxicology, hair and fiber analysis, entomology, questioned documents, anthropology, odontology, pathology, epidemiology, footwear and tire tread analysis, drug chemistry, paint and glass analysis, digital audio video and photo analysis.

Forensic scientists collect, preserve, and analyze scientific evidence during the course of an investigation.

Forensic devised methods for making antiseptic and for promoting the reappearance of hidden injuries to dead bodies and bones ; for calculating the time of death ; described how to wash and examine the dead body to ascertain the reason for death.

Forensic's had been drowned in a shallow pool and bore the marks of violent assault.

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Forensic's work was expanded upon, in 1806, by German chemist Valentin Ross, who learned to detect the poison in the walls of a victim's stomach.

Forensic was called by the prosecution in a murder trial to give evidence as a chemist in 1832.

Forensic combined a sample containing arsenic with sulfuric acid and arsenic-free zinc, resulting in arsine gas.

Forensic first described this test in The Edinburgh Philosophical Journal in 1836.

Forensic noticed a flaw in the bullet that killed the victim and was able to trace this back to the mold that was used in the manufacturing process.

Forensic established their first classification and was the first to identify fingerprints left on a vial.

Forensic had calculated that the chance of a "false positive" was about 1 in 64 billion.

Forensic evidence showed that both killers had the same blood type.

Forensic concluded that there was no match between the samples and Buckland, who became the first person to be exonerated using DNA.

Forensic went on to found the Institute of Criminalistics in 1912, as part of the University of Graz' Law School.

Forensic formulated the basic principle of forensic science: "Every contact leaves a trace", which became known as Locard's exchange principle.

Forensic remains a great inspiration for forensic science, especially for the way his acute study of a crime scene yielded small clues as to the precise sequence of events.

Forensic made great use of trace evidence such as shoe and tire impressions, as well as fingerprints, ballistics and handwriting analysis, now known as questioned document examination.

Forensic used analytical chemistry for blood residue analysis as well as toxicology examination and determination for poisons.

Forensic used ballistics by measuring bullet calibres and matching them with a suspected murder weapon.

Forensic used anthropometry for identification, stating that, since each individual is unique, by measuring aspects of physical difference there could be a personal identification system.

Forensic created the Bertillon System around 1879, a way of identifying criminals and citizens by measuring 20 parts of the body.

Forensic's lobbied to have coroners replaced by medical professionals, endowed the Harvard Associates in Police Science, and conducted many seminars to educate homicide investigators.

Forensic's created the Nutshell Studies of Unexplained Death, intricate crime scene dioramas used to train investigators, which are still in use today.

Forensic realized the scope of DNA fingerprinting, which uses variations in the genetic code to identify individuals.

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Forensic scientists have started using laser scanners, drones and photogrammetry to obtain 3D point clouds of accidents or crime scenes.

Forensic science is used by various other organizations to clarify the fate and whereabouts of persons who have gone missing.