Codeine is an opiate and prodrug of morphine mainly used to treat pain, coughing, and diarrhea.
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22 Facts About Codeine
2.
Codeine works following being broken down by the liver into morphine; how quickly this occurs depends on a person's genetics.
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3.
Codeine is an opioid and an agonist of the mu opioid receptor.
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4.
Codeine is metabolised by O- and N-demethylation in the liver to morphine and norcodeine.
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5.
Codeine, or 3-methylmorphine, is an alkaloid found in the opium poppy, Papaver somniferum var.
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6.
Codeine was first isolated in 1832 in France by, already famous for the discovery of alizarin, the most widespread red dye, while working on refined morphine extraction processes.
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7.
Codeine is the most widely used opiate in the world, and is one of the most commonly used drugs overall according to numerous reports by organizations including the World Health Organization and its League of Nations predecessor agency.
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8.
Codeine methylbromide is considered a separate drug for various purposes.
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9.
Codeine hydrochloride is more common worldwide and the citrate, hydroiodide, hydrobromide, tartrate, and other salts are seen.
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10.
Codeine is available in conjunction with the anti-nausea medication promethazine in the form of a syrup.
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11.
Codeine is used in illegal drug laboratories to make morphine.
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12.
Codeine is produced in the human body along the same biosynthetic pathway as morphine.
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13.
Codeine combined with an antihistamine, and often caffeine, is sold under various trade names and is available without a prescription.
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14.
Codeine is classified under Schedule 1, giving it a higher priority in the treatments of offenders of the law.
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15.
Codeine became a prescription-only medication in the province of Manitoba on February 1, 2016.
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16.
Codeine is already not recommended for children under the age of 12, for any use.
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17.
Codeine is listed under the Betaubungsmittelgesetz in Germany and the similarly named narcotics and controlled substances law in Switzerland.
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18.
Codeine is classed as an illegal drug in Greece, and individuals possessing it could conceivably be arrested, even if they were legitimately prescribed it in another country.
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19.
Codeine is present in various cough syrups as codeine phosphate including chlorpheniramine maleate.
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20.
Codeine containing cough medicine has been banned in India with effect from 14 March 2016.
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21.
Codeine remains a semi non-prescriptive, over-the-counter drug up to a limit of 12.
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22.
Codeine preparations are available as over the counter pharmacy medicines in Sri Lanka.
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