Genetic engineering, called genetic modification or genetic manipulation, is the modification and manipulation of an organism's genes using technology.
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14 Facts About Genetic engineering
2.
An organism that is generated through genetic engineering is considered to be genetically modified and the resulting entity is a genetically modified organism .
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3.
Genetic engineering has been applied in numerous fields including research, medicine, industrial biotechnology and agriculture.
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4.
Genetic engineering is a process that alters the genetic structure of an organism by either removing or introducing DNA, or modifying existing genetic material in situ.
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5.
Unlike traditional animal and plant breeding, which involves doing multiple crosses and then selecting for the organism with the desired phenotype, genetic engineering takes the gene directly from one organism and delivers it to the other.
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7.
In 1983, a biotech company, Advanced Genetic Sciences applied for U S government authorisation to perform field tests with the ice-minus strain of Pseudomonas syringae to protect crops from frost, but environmental groups and protestors delayed the field tests for four years with legal challenges.
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8.
Genetic engineering has applications in medicine, research, industry and agriculture and can be used on a wide range of plants, animals and microorganisms.
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9.
Genetic engineering has many applications to medicine that include the manufacturing of drugs, creation of model animals that mimic human conditions and gene therapy.
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10.
Genetic engineering is an important tool for natural scientists, with the creation of transgenic organisms one of the most important tools for analysis of gene function.
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11.
One of the best-known and controversial applications of genetic engineering is the creation and use of genetically modified crops or genetically modified livestock to produce genetically modified food.
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12.
Genetic engineering has potential applications in conservation and natural area management.
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13.
Frank Herbert's novel The White Plague describes the deliberate use of genetic engineering to create a pathogen which specifically kills women.
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14.
Genetic engineering methods are weakly represented in film; Michael Clark, writing for the Wellcome Trust, calls the portrayal of genetic engineering and biotechnology "seriously distorted" in films such as The 6th Day.
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