23 Facts About Graduate students

Degrees awarded to graduate students include master's degrees, doctoral degrees, and other postgraduate qualifications such as graduate certificates and professional degrees.

Unlike in undergraduate programs it is less common for graduate students to take coursework outside their specific field of study at graduate or graduate entry level.

In Canada, the Schools and Faculties of Graduate students Studies are represented by the Canadian Association of Graduate students Studies or Association canadienne pour les etudes superieures .

Many universities offer Evening MBA programs where Graduate students are able to work full-time while obtaining an MBA through evening classes, which allows them to pay their way through school.

Masters Graduate students, funding is generally available to first-year Graduate students whose transcripts reflect exceptionally high grades; this funding can be obtained in the second year of studies.

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Graduate students often declare their intended degree in their applications.

Many graduate programs require students to pass one or several examinations in order to demonstrate their competence as scholars.

Doctoral Graduate students generally spend roughly their first two to three years taking coursework and begin research by their second year if not before.

Many master's and all specialist Graduate students will perform research culminating in a paper, presentation, and defense of their research.

Programs often require a Qualifying Examination, a PhD Candidacy Examination, or a General Examination, designed to ensure Graduate students have a grasp of a broad sample of their discipline, or one or several Special Field Examinations, which test Graduate students in their narrower selected areas of specialty within the discipline.

However, increasingly many disciplines, including most humanities, set their requirements for coursework, languages, and the expected extent of dissertation research by the assumption that Graduate students will take five years minimum or six to seven years on average; competition for jobs within these fields raises expectations on the length and quality of dissertations considerably.

Competition for jobs within certain fields, such as the life sciences, is so great that almost all students now enter a second training period after graduate school called a postdoctoral fellowship.

In general, there is less funding available to Graduate students admitted to master's degrees than for Graduate students admitted to Ph.

Many departments, especially those in which Graduate students have research or teaching responsibilities, offer Ph.

Science PhD Graduate students can apply for individual NRSA fellowships from the NIH or fellowships from private foundations.

Many Graduate students are funded as lab researchers by faculty who have been funded by private foundations or by the NSF, National Institutes of Health, or federal "mission agencies" such as the Department of Defense or the Environmental Protection Agency.

The natural sciences are typically well funded, so that most Graduate students can attain either outside or institutional funding, but in the humanities, not all do.

Some humanities Graduate students borrow money during their coursework, then take full-time jobs while completing their dissertations.

Foreign students are typically funded the same way as domestic students, although federally subsidized student and parent loans and work-study assistance are generally limited to U S citizens and nationals, permanent residents, and approved refugees.

International students often have unique financial difficulties such as high costs to visit their families back home, support of a family not allowed to work due to immigration laws, tuition that is expensive by world standards, and large fees: visa fees by U S Citizenship and Immigration Services, and surveillance fees under the Student and Exchange Visitor Program of the United States Department of Homeland Security.

At many universities, graduate students are employed by their university to teach classes or do research.

Many graduate students feel that teaching takes time that would better be spent on research, and many point out that there is a vicious circle in the academic labor economy.

Institutions that rely on cheap graduate student labor have no need to create expensive professorships, so graduate students who have taught extensively in graduate school can find it immensely difficult to get a teaching job when they have obtained their degree.