50 Facts About Henry Cabot Lodge

Henry Cabot Lodge was an American politician, historian, lawyer, and statesman from Massachusetts.

Henry Cabot Lodge remained in the Senate until his death in 1924.

Henry Cabot Lodge's father was John Ellerton Lodge of the Lodge family.

Henry Cabot Lodge's mother was Anna Cabot, a member of the Cabot family, through whom he was a great-grandson of George Cabot.

Henry Cabot Lodge grew up on Boston's Beacon Hill and spent part of his childhood in Nahant, Massachusetts, where he witnessed the 1860 kidnapping of a classmate and gave testimony leading to the arrest and conviction of the kidnappers.

Henry Cabot Lodge was cousin to the American polymath Charles Peirce.

Henry Cabot Lodge published biographies of George Washington and the prominent Federalists Alexander Hamilton, Daniel Webster, and his great-grandfather George Cabot, as well as A Short History of the English Colonies in America.

Henry Cabot Lodge was elected a Fellow of the American Academy of Arts and Sciences in 1878.

Henry Cabot Lodge was a member of the Massachusetts Historical Society, and served as its president from 1915 to 1924.

Henry Cabot Lodge represented his home state in the United States House of Representatives from 1887 to 1893 and in the Senate from 1893 to 1924.

Henry Cabot Lodge was first elected to the US Senate in 1892 and easily reelected time and again but his greatest challenge came in his reelection bid in January 1911.

The Democrats had made significant gains in Massachusetts and the Republicans were split between the progressive and conservative wings, with Henry Cabot Lodge trying to mollify both sides.

Henry Cabot Lodge emphasized that he had never engaged in corruption or self-dealing.

Henry Cabot Lodge rarely campaigned on his own behalf but now he made his case, explaining his important roles in civil service reform, maintaining the gold standard, expanding the Navy, developing policies for the Philippine Islands, and trying to restrict immigration by illiterate Europeans, as well as his support for some progressive reforms.

Henry Cabot Lodge was very close to Theodore Roosevelt for both of their entire careers.

However, Henry Cabot Lodge was too conservative to accept Roosevelt's attacks on the judiciary in 1910, and his call for the initiative, referendum, and recall.

Henry Cabot Lodge stood silent when Roosevelt broke with the party and ran as a third-party candidate in 1912.

Henry Cabot Lodge voted for Taft instead of Roosevelt; after Woodrow Wilson won the election the Henry Cabot Lodge-Roosevelt friendship resumed.

In 1890, Henry Cabot Lodge co-authored the Federal Elections Bill, along with Senator George Frisbie Hoar, that guaranteed federal protection for African American voting rights.

That same year, following the lynching of eleven Italian Americans in New Orleans, Henry Cabot Lodge published an article blaming the victims and proposing new restrictions on Italian immigration.

Henry Cabot Lodge was a leading opponent of women's suffrage.

Henry Cabot Lodge did not change his position even after the junior senator from Massachusetts, John Weeks, lost his seat in 1918 due to his opposition to equal suffrage.

Henry Cabot Lodge was a strong backer of US intervention in Cuba in 1898, arguing that it was the moral responsibility of the United States to do so:.

Henry Cabot Lodge maintained that the United States needed to have a strong navy and be more involved in foreign affairs.

Henry Cabot Lodge was a vocal proponent of immigration restrictions, for a number of reasons.

Henry Cabot Lodge argued that unskilled foreign labor was undermining the standard of living for American workers, and that a mass influx of uneducated immigrants would result in social conflict and national decline.

Henry Cabot Lodge considered northern Italians superior candidates for immigration to southern Italians, not only because they tended to be better educated, had a higher standard of living, and had a "higher capacity for skilled work", but because they were more "Teutonic" than their southern counterparts, whose immigration he sought to restrict.

Henry Cabot Lodge did not believe that all races were equally capable or worthy of being assimilated.

Henry Cabot Lodge proposed that the United States should temporarily shut out all further entries, particularly persons of low education or skill, to more efficiently assimilate the millions who had already come.

Henry Cabot Lodge was a staunch advocate of entering World War I on the side of the Allied Powers, attacking President Woodrow Wilson for poor military preparedness and accusing pacifists of undermining American patriotism.

Bannwart was arrested but Henry Cabot Lodge opted not to press charges.

Henry Cabot Lodge contended that Germany needed to be militarily and economically crushed and saddled with harsh penalties so that it could never again be a threat to the stability of Europe.

Henry Cabot Lodge served as chairman of the Senate Foreign Relations Committee.

Henry Cabot Lodge served as chairman of the Senate Republican Conference from 1918 to 1924.

In 1919, as the unofficial Senate majority leader, Henry Cabot Lodge dealt with the debate over the Treaty of Versailles and the Senate's ultimate rejection of the treaty.

Henry Cabot Lodge wanted to join the League of Nations, but with amendments that would protect American sovereignty.

Henry Cabot Lodge was motivated by political concerns; he strongly disliked Wilson personally and was eager to find an issue for the Republican Party to run on in the presidential election of 1920.

Henry Cabot Lodge rejected an open-ended commitment that might subordinate the national security interests of the United States to the demands of the League.

Henry Cabot Lodge especially insisted that Congress must approve interventions individually; the Senate could not, through treaty, unilaterally agree to enter hypothetical conflicts.

The largest bloc, led by Henry Cabot Lodge, comprised a majority of the Republicans.

Henry Cabot Lodge won a posthumous victory in the long run; his reservations were incorporated into the United Nations charter in 1945, with Article X of the League of Nations charter absent and the US, as a permanent member of the United Nations Security Council, given an absolute veto.

In January 1921, Henry Cabot Lodge led the deliberate obstruction of the confirmation of 10,000 of President Wilson's appointments to the War and Navy Departments in the US Senate on the grounds that confirmation of these so-called cabinet "favorite" appointments would embarrass the Harding Administration.

Henry Cabot Lodge was one of the best informed statesmen of his time, he was an excellent parliamentarian, and he brought to bear on foreign questions a mind that was at once razor sharp and devoid of much of the moral cant that was so typical of the age.

Henry Cabot Lodge was opportunistic, selfish, jealous, condescending, supercilious, and could never resist calling his opponent's spade a dirty shovel.

Henry Cabot Lodge served on the Board of Regents of the Smithsonian Institution for many years.

Henry Cabot Lodge was reappointed to the Board in 1905 and served until he died in 1924.

Henry Cabot Lodge was depicted by Sir Cedric Hardwicke in Darryl Zanuck's 1944 film Wilson, a biography of President Wilson.

On November 5,1924, Henry Cabot Lodge suffered a severe stroke while recovering in the hospital from surgery for gallstones.

Henry Cabot Lodge died four days later at the age of 74.

Henry Cabot Lodge was interred in the Mount Auburn Cemetery in Cambridge, Massachusetts.