Irish Republic was an unrecognised revolutionary state that declared its independence from the United Kingdom in January 1919.
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15 Facts About Irish Republic
2.
The Republic claimed jurisdiction over the whole island of Ireland, but by 1920 its functional control was limited to only 21 of Ireland's 32 counties, and British state forces maintained a presence across much of the north-east, as well as Cork, Dublin and other major towns.
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3.
War of Independence ended with the Anglo-Irish Republic Treaty, signed on 6 December 1921 and narrowly approved by Dail Eireann on 7 January 1922.
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4.
The Irish Republic's leader was known initially as the, literally "prime minister" but referred to in the English version of the constitution as "President of the Ministry".
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5.
Judicial arm of the Irish Republic consisted of a network of Dail Courts administered by IRA officers, which at first operated in parallel with the British judicial system, and gradually came to supersede it as public opinion swung against the British in some parts of the island.
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6.
Irish Republic had some of the attributes of a functioning state; a ministry, a parliament, a courts system, a police force and a constitution.
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7.
The claim to authority of the Irish Republic was rejected in Unionist-dominated Northern Ireland and south County Dublin.
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8.
Irish Republic had been invited as: "the chosen leader of the great majority in Southern Ireland", but tried to extend this to a British recognition of the republic.
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9.
Each side in the 1921 negotiations used sufficiently elastic language to enable the Irish Republic's delegates to suggest that what was taking place was inter-state negotiations, while allowing the British Government to suggest that it was an internal United Kingdom of Great Britain and Ireland matter.
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10.
In January 1922, a Provisional Government came into being, but the Irish Republic was not dismantled; its institutions continued to operate in parallel with those of the provisional authority.
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11.
In contrast, the Irish Republic's Ministry continued with Arthur Griffith as President of the Irish Republic following de Valera's resignation.
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12.
Goal of those who established the Irish Republic was to create an independent republic comprising the whole island of Ireland.
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13.
The principle of an all-island Irish Republic remains a central aspiration of at least three of the main political parties in the Irish Republic of Ireland and of two of the main political parties in Northern Ireland.
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14.
Since the Civil War during 1922 and 1923, the Irish Republic has been an important symbol for radical republicans, amongst others.
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15.
The PIRA conducted a campaign of bombings and shootings in Northern Ireland from the late 1960s until 1998, and its political wing, the modern Sinn Fein party, used to insist that the Irish Republic was still legally in existence, with the Provisional IRA as its national army, and the IRA Army Council Ireland's sole legitimate government.
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