15 Facts About Jerusalem Talmud

Jerusalem Talmud, known as the Palestinian Talmud or Talmud of the Land of Israel, is a collection of rabbinic notes on the second-century Jewish oral tradition known as the Mishnah.

Jerusalem Talmud predates its counterpart, the Babylonian Talmud, by about 200 years, and is written primarily in Jewish Palestinian Aramaic.

Jerusalem Talmud probably originated in Tiberias in the School of Johanan bar Nappaha.

Traditionally, the redaction of this Jerusalem Talmud was thought to have been brought to an abrupt end around 425, when Theodosius II suppressed the Nasi of the Sanhedrin and put an end to the practice of semikhah .

The redaction of the Jerusalem Talmud was done to codify the laws of the Sanhedrin as the redaction of the Mishnah had similarly done during the time of Judah ha-Nasi.

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Tractate Shekalim to the Jerusalem Talmud appears not only in the Jerusalem Talmud but in printings of the Babylonian Talmud.

The language of the Jerusalem Talmud is Jewish Palestinian Aramaic, a Western Aramaic dialect which differs from that of the Babylonian.

The Jerusalem Talmud is often fragmentary and difficult to read, even for experienced Talmudists.

Furthermore, the editing of the Babylonian Talmud was superior to that of the Jerusalem version, making it more accessible and readily usable.

However, on the Jerusalem Talmud's continued importance for the understanding of arcane matters, Rabbi Hai Gaon has written:.

However, some traditions associated with the Jerusalem Talmud are reflected in certain forms of the liturgy, particularly those of the Italian Jews and Romaniotes.

Jerusalem Talmud's work is focused on the Mishnah and is not a comprehensive commentary on the entire Jerusalem Talmud.

Judah ben Yakar wrote a commentary to much of the Jerusalem Talmud, which was quoted by other rishonim but has now been lost.

One of the first of the Acharonim to write a commentary on the Jerusalem Talmud was Solomon Sirilio, known as Rash Sirilio, whose commentaries cover only the Seder Zeraim and the tractate Shekalim of Seder Moed.

The Jerusalem Talmud has received some attention from Adin Steinsaltz, who planned a translation into modern Hebrew and accompanying explanation similar to his work on the Babylonian Talmud before his death.