18 Facts About Khwarazmian Empire

Khwarazmian or Khwarezmian Empire was a Turko-Persian Sunni Muslim empire that ruled large parts of present-day Central Asia, Afghanistan, and Iran in the approximate period of 1077 to 1231, first as vassals of the Seljuk Empire and the Qara Khitai, and later as independent rulers, up until the Mongol conquest in the 13th century.

The empire, which was modelled on the preceding Seljuk Khwarazmian Empire, was defended by a huge cavalry army composed largely of Kipchak Turks.

However, in 1219, the Mongols under their ruler Genghis Khan invaded the Khwarazmian Empire, successfully conquering the whole of it in less than two years.

Khwarazmian Empire later installed a new ruler and annexed a portion of Khwarazm.

Khwarazmian Empire was replaced with Anush Tigin Gharachai's son, Qutb al-Din Muhammad by the Seljuqs, who had reconquered the region.

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Khwarazmian Empire was the first member of his family to rule Khwarazm, and the namesake for the dynasty that would rule the province in the 12th and early 13th centuries.

Khwarazmian Empire was made the sultan's tasht-dar, and, as the revenues from Khwarazm were used to pay for the expenses incurred by this position, he was made governor of the province.

Khwarazmian Empire continued the land-gathering policy initiated by his predecessors, annexing Jand and Mangyshlak to Khwarazm.

Khwarazmian Empire responded by invading the Karakhanid dominions, taking Bukhara and besieging Samarqand, where Chaghri Khan had taken refuge.

Khwarazmian Empire's death triggered spontaneous revolts and widespread massacre of the hated Khwarazmian Turkic soldiers stationed in Iran.

Khwarazmian Empire was reportedly the eldest son of Ala ad-Din Muhammad II, while his mother was a Turkmen concubine named Ay Chichek.

Khwarazmian Empire attempted to flee to India, but the Mongols caught up with him before he got there, and he was defeated at the Battle of Indus.

Khwarazmian Empire escaped and sought asylum in the Sultanate of Delhi.

Khwarazmian Empire never consolidated his power spending the rest of his days struggling against the Mongols, the Seljuks of Rum, and pretenders to his own throne.

Khwarazmian Empire lost his power over Persia in a battle against the Mongols in the Alborz Mountains.

Khwarazmian Empire was the head of the diwan officials, who appointed them and established salaries, pensions, controlling tax administration and the treasury.

The most prominent vizier of the Khwarazmian Empire was Al-Harawi, who built a mosque for the Shafi'is in Merv, a huge madrassah, a mosque and a repository of manuscripts in Gurganj.

Population of the Kwarazmian Khwarazmian Empire consisted mainly of sedentary Iranian and half-nomadic Turkic peoples.