19 Facts About Lanzhou

Lanzhou is the capital and largest city of Gansu Province in Northwest China.

Lanzhou is one of the top 100 major cities in the world by scientific research output as tracked by the Nature Index.

Notably, Lanzhou University is one of China's prestige universities as a member of the Project 985.

Originally in the territory of the Western Qiang peoples, Lanzhou became part of the territory of the State of Qin in the 6th century BC.

Many air battles were fought between the Chinese Air Force and the Imperial Japanese air forces over Lanzhou and surrounding regions from 1937 to 1945, particularly from 1938 to 1941 when the influx of Soviet war materials formed the primary support in China's War of Resistance against the Imperial Japanese invasion.

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Lanzhou is situated on the upper reaches of the Yellow River where it emerges from the mountains and has been a center since early times, being at the southern end of the route leading via the Hexi Corridor across Central Asia.

Lanzhou is situated in the temperate zone and enjoys a semi-arid climate with hot summers and cold and very dry winters.

Lanzhou is the home of many factories, including some involved in petroleum processing, and suffers from large dust storms kicked up from the Gobi Desert, especially in the winter and spring.

In 2011, using Chinese statistics, the World Health Organization reported that Lanzhou had the worst air quality among eleven western Chinese cities.

Lanzhou previously had a professional soccer team named Gansu Tianma from 1999 to 2003.

Since 1949 Lanzhou has been transformed from the capital of a poverty-stricken province into the center of a major industrial area.

Gansu has one of the largest oil refineries in the country and Lanzhou itself is the center of the province's petrochemical industry.

Lanzhou has a large textile industry, particularly noted for the production of woolen and leather goods.

Lanzhou has been one of the centers of China's national nuclear power industry since the 1960s.

Lanzhou is the collecting center and market for agricultural produce and livestock from a wide area.

Lanzhou was the second city in northwest China to announce the construction of a subway line, in August 2012.

Lanzhou Railway Station is a major railway hub of western China.

In 2016, Lanzhou was ranked 4th of Chinese cities with the worst rush hour traffic jams.

Lanzhou has a noted bus rapid transit system which opened in 2013 and won the city an honorable mention at the 2014 Sustainable Transport Awards.