81 Facts About Martin Heidegger

Martin Heidegger's work covers a wide range of topics including ontology, technology, art, metaphysics, humanism, language and history of philosophy.

Martin Heidegger is often considered to be among the most important and influential philosophers of the 20th century, especially in the continental tradition.

Martin Heidegger believed that Dasein already has a "pre-ontological" and concrete understanding that shapes how it lives, which he analyzed in terms of the unitary structure of "being-in-the-world".

Martin Heidegger used this analysis to approach the question of the meaning of being; that is, the question of how entities appear as the specific entities they are.

In other words, Martin Heidegger's governing "question of being" is concerned with what makes beings intelligible as beings.

Martin Heidegger entered a Jesuit seminary in 1909, but was discharged within weeks because of heart trouble.

Martin Heidegger graduated with a thesis on psychologism, The Doctrine of Judgment in Psychologism: A Critical-theoretical Contribution to Logic, in 1914.

Martin Heidegger attempted to get the philosophy post at the University of Freiburg on 23 June 1916 but failed despite the support of Heinrich Finke.

Martin Heidegger married Elfride Petri on 21 March 1917 in a Catholic ceremony officiated by his friend Engelbert Krebs, and a week later in a Protestant ceremony in the presence of her parents.

Martin Heidegger knew that he was not Hermann's biological father, but raised him as his son.

From 1919 to 1923, Martin Heidegger taught courses at the University of Freiburg.

In 1923, Martin Heidegger was elected to an extraordinary professorship in philosophy at the University of Marburg.

Martin Heidegger read the works of Wilhelm Dilthey, Husserl, Max Scheler, and Friedrich Nietzsche.

In 1925, a 35-year-old Martin Heidegger began what would be a four-year affair with Hannah Arendt, who was then 19 years old and his student.

In 1927, Martin Heidegger published his main work, Sein und Zeit.

Martin Heidegger was primarily concerned to qualify to be a full professor.

When Husserl retired as professor of philosophy in 1928, Martin Heidegger accepted Freiburg's election to be his successor, in spite of a counter-offer by Marburg.

Martin Heidegger remained at Freiburg im Breisgau for the rest of his life, declining later offers including one from Humboldt University of Berlin.

Martin Heidegger was elected rector of the university on 21 April 1933; he joined the Nazi Party on 1 May, just three months after Adolf Hitler was appointed chancellor.

Martin Heidegger wanted to position himself as the philosopher of the party, but the highly abstract nature of his work and the opposition of Alfred Rosenberg, who himself aspired to act in that position, limited Heidegger's role.

In November 1933, Martin Heidegger signed the Vow of allegiance of the Professors of the German Universities and High-Schools to Adolf Hitler and the National Socialistic State.

Martin Heidegger resigned from the rectorate in April 1934, but remained a member of the Nazi Party until 1945 even though the Nazis eventually prevented him from publishing.

The next year, while in Rome, Martin Heidegger gave his first lecture on Friedrich Holderlin.

From 1936 to 1940, Martin Heidegger delivered a series of lectures on Friedrich Nietzsche at Freiburg that presented much of the raw material incorporated in his more established work and thought from this time.

In late 1946, as France engaged in epuration legale in its occupation zone, the French military authorities determined that Martin Heidegger should be blocked from teaching or participating in any university activities because of his association with the Nazi Party.

Martin Heidegger published "On Humanism" in 1947 to clarify his differences with Jean-Paul Sartre and French existentialism.

The denazification procedures against Martin Heidegger continued until March 1949 when he was finally pronounced a Mitlaufer.

Martin Heidegger was granted emeritus status and then taught regularly from 1951 until 1958, and by invitation until 1967.

Per their agreement, it was not published until five days after his death in 1976, under the title "Only a God Can Save Us" after a reference to Holderlin that Martin Heidegger makes during the interview.

Martin Heidegger accuses the Western philosophical tradition of mistakenly trying to understand being as such as if it were an ultimate entity.

In short, before asking what exists, Martin Heidegger contends that people must first examine what "to exist" even means.

Martin Heidegger introduces the term Dasein to denote a "living being" through its activity of "being there".

Martin Heidegger insists that the 'in' of Dasein's being-in-the-world is an 'in' of involvement or of engagement, not of objective, physical enclosedness.

Martin Heidegger provides a few examples: "having to do with something, producing something, attending to something and looking after it, making use of something".

The world, in Martin Heidegger's sense, is to be understood according to our sense of our possibilities: things present themselves to people in terms of their projects, the uses to which they can put them.

Martin Heidegger calls this structure of practically ordered reference relations the 'worldhood of the world'.

Martin Heidegger calls the mode of being of such entities "ready-to-hand", for they are understood only in being handled.

Martin Heidegger's term for this existential feature of Dasein is das Man, which is a German pronoun, man, that Martin Heidegger turns into a noun.

The problem, he says, is that Martin Heidegger's presentation conflates two opposing influences.

The Kierkegaardian influence on Martin Heidegger's analysis introduces a more existentialist dimension to Being and Time.

Martin Heidegger responds to this challenge with his account of authenticity.

Authenticity, according to Martin Heidegger, is a matter of taking responsibility for being, that is, the stand that people take with respect to their ultimate projects.

Martin Heidegger emphasizes that this is a matter, not of "intellectual comprehension", but of "hard-won insight".

Martin Heidegger's "Turn", which is sometimes referred to by the German die Kehre, refers to a change in his work as early as 1930 that became clearly established by the 1940s, according to some commentators, who variously describe a shift of focus or a major change in outlook.

In pursuit of the retrieval of the question, Martin Heidegger spends considerable time reflecting on ancient Greek thought, in particular on Plato, Parmenides, Heraclitus, and Anaximander.

Martin Heidegger's goal is to retrieve the original experience of being present in the early Greek thought that was covered up by later philosophers.

Martin Heidegger rejected the notion of language being purely a means of communication.

Martin Heidegger reads The Will to Power as the culminating expression of Western metaphysics, and the lectures are a kind of dialogue between the two thinkers.

Gillespie says "the real danger" from Martin Heidegger isn't quietism but fanaticism.

Martin Heidegger was elected rector of the University of Freiburg on 21 April 1933, and assumed the position the following day.

On 27 May 1933, Martin Heidegger delivered his inaugural address, the Rektoratsrede, in a hall decorated with swastikas, with members of the Sturmabteilung and prominent Nazi Party officials present.

Martin Heidegger finally offered his resignation as rector on 23 April 1934, and it was accepted on 27 April.

Martin Heidegger remained a member of both the academic faculty and of the Nazi Party until the end of the war.

In 1945, Martin Heidegger wrote of his term as rector, giving the writing to his son Hermann; it was published in 1983:.

Martin Heidegger became Rector of the University of Freiburg on 22 April 1933.

Martin Heidegger had by then broken off contact with Husserl, other than through intermediaries.

Martin Heidegger later claimed that his relationship with Husserl had already become strained after Husserl publicly "settled accounts" with Martin Heidegger and Max Scheler in the early 1930s.

Hannah Arendt initially suggested that Martin Heidegger's behavior precipitated Husserl's death.

However, it subsequently transpired that this qualification had not been made during the original lecture, although Martin Heidegger claimed that it had been.

In private notes written in 1939, Martin Heidegger took a strongly critical view of Hitler's ideology; however, in public lectures, he seems to have continued to make ambiguous comments which, if they expressed criticism of the regime, did so only in the context of praising its ideals.

Lowith recalled that Martin Heidegger "left no doubt about his faith in Hitler", and stated that his support for Nazism was in agreement with the essence of his philosophy.

Martin Heidegger rejected the "biologically grounded racism" of the Nazis, replacing it with linguistic-historical heritage.

Martin Heidegger was charged on four counts, dismissed from the university and declared a "follower" of Nazism.

One consequence of this teaching ban was that Martin Heidegger began to engage far more in the French philosophical scene.

In 1967 Martin Heidegger met with the Jewish poet Paul Celan, a concentration camp survivor.

On 23 September 1966, Martin Heidegger was interviewed by Georg Wolff, a former Nazi, and Rudolf Augstein for Der Spiegel magazine, in which he agreed to discuss his political past provided that the interview be published posthumously.

However, Martin Heidegger asserted that his dedicated students would know this statement wasn't praise for the Nazi Party.

The eyewitness account of Lowith from 1940, contradicts the account given in the Der Spiegel interview in two ways: that he did not make any decisive break with Nazism in 1934, and that Martin Heidegger was willing to entertain more profound relations between his philosophy and political involvement.

An example of Martin Heidegger using anti-Semitic language he once wrote "world Judaism is ungraspable everywhere and doesn't need to get involved in military action while continuing to unfurl its influence, whereas we are left to sacrifice the best blood of the best of our people".

However, in the notebooks there are instances of Martin Heidegger writing critically of Biological racism and biological oppression.

In 1939, only a year after Husserl's death, Martin Heidegger wrote in his Black Notebooks:.

Martin Heidegger is often considered to be among the most important and influential philosophers of the 20th century by many observers.

Martin Heidegger himself argued that Sartre had misread his work.

Former Trump chief strategist Steve Bannon has expressed admiration for Martin Heidegger and has praised his philosophy.

Martin Heidegger himself had contact with a number of leading Japanese intellectuals, including members of the Kyoto School, notably Hajime Tanabe and Kuki Shuzo.

Whereas Martin Heidegger argued that the question of human existence is central to the pursuit of the question of being, Husserl criticized this as reducing phenomenology to "philosophical anthropology" and offering an abstract and incorrect portrait of the human being.

Ayer objected that Martin Heidegger proposed vast, overarching theories regarding existence that were completely unverifiable through empirical demonstration and logical analysis.

In 1929 the Neo-Kantian Ernst Cassirer and Martin Heidegger engaged in an influential debate, during the Second Davos Hochschulkurs in Davos, concerning the significance of Kantian notions of freedom and rationality.

Whereas Cassirer defended the role of rationality in Kant, Martin Heidegger argued for the priority of the imagination.

Rudolf Carnap accused Martin Heidegger of offering an "illusory" ontology, criticizing him for committing the fallacy of reification and for wrongly dismissing the logical treatment of language which, according to Carnap, can only lead to writing "nonsensical pseudo-propositions".

Martin Heidegger defined the order of publication and dictated that the principle of editing should be "ways not works".