10 Facts About Melford Spiro

Melford Elliot Spiro was an American cultural anthropologist specializing in religion and psychological anthropology.

Melford Spiro is known for his critiques of the pillars of contemporary anthropological theory—wholesale cultural determinism, radical cultural relativism, and virtually limitless cultural diversity—and for his emphasis on the theoretical importance of unconscious desires and beliefs in the study of stability and change in social and cultural systems, particularly in respect to the family, politics, and religion.

Melford Spiro was a significant figure in a series of debates over cultural relativism and postmodern theory among American cultural anthropologists in the 1980s and early 1990s, in which he consistently argued for the importance of the comparative method and the appreciation of universal cultural and psychological processes.

Melford Spiro taught at Washington University in St Louis, University of Connecticut, University of Washington, and University of Chicago before moving In 1968 to the University of California, San Diego where he was a founding member of the anthropology department.

Melford Spiro received postgraduate training in psychoanalysis at the San Diego Psychoanalytic Center and practiced as a lay analyst, additionally overseeing a course series at UCSD that exposed graduate students in anthropology to psychiatric training.

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Melford Spiro became professor emeritus at UCSD in 1990, but continued teaching for another decade.

Melford Spiro was a member of the National Academy of Sciences and the American Academy of Arts and Sciences.

Melford Spiro served terms as president of the American Ethnological Society and the Society for Psychological Anthropology and was one of the founders of the SPA's journal, Ethos.

Mel Melford Spiro was married for 62 years to Audrey Melford Spiro, with whom he had two sons.

Melford Spiro died in La Jolla, CA, in October 2014 of natural causes.