The Professional doctorate appeared in medieval Europe as a license to teach Latin at a university.
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Originally the terms "master" and "doctor" were synonymous, but over time the Professional doctorate came to be regarded as a higher qualification than the master's degree.
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Use and meaning of the Professional doctorate have changed over time and are subject to regional variations.
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The first professional doctorate offered in the United States was the M D at Kings College after the medical school's founding in 1767.
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However, leaving out the designation is only allowed when the doctorate degree is not an honorary doctorate, which must be indicated by Dr h c .
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The first higher Professional doctorate was the Doctor of Science at Durham University, introduced in 1882.
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The higher Professional doctorate is similar in some respects to the habilitation in some European countries.
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Usually an appropriate higher Professional doctorate is used in these circumstances, depending on the candidate's achievements.
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