28 Facts About Taiyuan

Taiyuan is the capital and largest city of Shanxi Province, People's Republic of China.

Taiyuan is located roughly in the centre of Shanxi, with the Fen River flowing through the central city.

Taiyuan is an ancient city with more than 2500 years of urban history, dating back from 497 BC.

In 497 BC, the first ancient city of Jinyang was built around the southern Jinyuan District of present-day Taiyuan, by Dong Anyu, who was a steward of Zhao Jianzi, an upper-level official of the state of Jin.

Taiyuan was ruled by Gongsun Zan, Yuan Shao, and then by Cao Cao, and was part of Cao Wei afterwards.

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Taiyuan was part of Former Zhao, Later Zhao, Former Qin, Former Yan, Former Qin again, Western Yan, and Later Yan chronologically.

Later, Taiyuan was obtained by Former Yan in 358, and by Former Qin in 370.

The Buddhist Tianlongshan Grottoes of Taiyuan started during this period, and continued for many centuries afterwards.

Taiyuan expanded significantly during the Tang dynasty, partly because Taiyuan was the military base of the founding emperors Li Yuan and Li Shimin.

Taiyuan ordered the flooding of Taiyuan by releasing the Fen River, and set the city on fire.

The oldest existing building in Taiyuan today is the Temple of the Goddess inside the Jin Ci Complex.

In 1218, Taiyuan was conquered by the Mongol army led by General Muqali.

In 1900, the Taiyuan Massacre occurred, during which a number of Western missionaries were killed.

Taiyuan consequently flourished as the center of his comparatively progressive province and experienced extensive industrial development.

Until the end of the Chinese Civil War in 1949, Yan's arsenal in Taiyuan was the only factory in China sufficiently advanced to produce field artillery.

Taiyuan was the last area in Shanxi to resist Communist control during the final stages of the Chinese Civil War.

Taiyuan is abundant in natural resources such as coal, iron, marble, silica, bauxite, limestone, graphite, quartz, phosphorus, gypsum, mica, copper, and gold.

The tree population in Taiyuan is dominated by coniferous forest, pine, white pine, spruce, and cypress.

Taiyuan had suffered from severe air pollution, especially in the 1990s, and the first decade of the 21st century, and once it was even listed among the ten most air-polluted cities in the world.

However, according to the 2014 statistical book issued by the National Bureau of Statistics, even though no longer among the worst polluted cities in China, Taiyuan still has below-average ambient air quality, compared with other major Chinese cities.

Consistent with China's economic expansion throughout the 2010s, Taiyuan's economy has shown consistent growth in recent years.

Shanxi produces a quarter of China's coal, and Taiyuan is the location of the China Taiyuan Coal Transaction Center, which began trading in 2012.

Taiyuan is one of the transportation hubs in North China, with highways linking neighboring provincial capitals, and airlines to most other major Chinese cities and some international cities.

Taiyuan has a number of major roads, Including the G5, G20, G55, G2001, G307, G108, G208.

Taiyuan is one of the main national hubs for the high-speed railway system of Northern China.

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Major high-speed railways passing Taiyuan, including the Shijiazhuang–Taiyuan high-speed railway and Datong–Xi'an high-speed railway.

Taiyuan is a modern city with just a few historic buildings remaining in the centre.

The remnants of old Taiyuan can be found west of the central station, north of Fudong Street and close to Wuyi Road.