19 Facts About Water Margin

Water Margin is one of the earliest Chinese novels written in vernacular Mandarin, and is attributed to Shi Nai'an.

Water Margin exerted a towering influence in the development of fiction elsewhere in East Asia, such as in Japanese literature.

Water Margin is based on the exploits of the outlaw Song Jiang and his 108 companions .

Direct precursor of Water Margin is Old Incidents in the Xuanhe Period of the Great Song Dynasty, which appeared around the mid-13th century.

The proponents of the Yuan dynasty argued that Water Margin became popular during the Yuan as the common people resented the Mongol rulers.

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Water Margin, praised as an early "masterpiece" of vernacular fiction, is renowned for the "mastery and control" of its mood and tone.

CUHK professor Sun Shuyu however argues that the author of Water Margin intentionally vilified women in order to discipline their would-be-outlaw audiences.

The authorship of Water Margin is still in some sense uncertain, and the text in any case derived from many sources and involved many editorial hands.

Stories of the Liangshan outlaws first appeared in Old incidents in the Xuanhe period of the great Song dynasty and had been circulating since the Southern Song dynasty, while folk tales and opera related to Water Margin have already existed long before the novel itself came into existence.

Hu Shih felt that the draft of Water Margin was done by Luo Guanzhong, and could have contained the chapters on the outlaws' campaigns against Tian Hu, Wang Qing and Fang La, but not invaders from the Liao dynasty.

Water Margin felt that Shi wrote a simplified version of Water Margin, which is not the current edition.

The earliest extant complete printed edition of Water Margin is a 100-chapter book published in 1589.

Water Margin cut matter that he thought irrelevant, reducing the number of chapters to 70.

Shuihu Houzhuan, which roughly translates to The Later Story of Water Margin, is a novel written by Chen Chen in the Qing dynasty.

From a certain vantage point, the Chinese novel Shuihu zhuan [Water Margin] is a ubiquitous presence in the literary and visual culture of early modern Japan.

Water Margin stated that the latter were former students of the general's martial arts tutor, Zhou Tong.

Water Margin is referred to in numerous Japanese manga, such as Tetsuo Hara and Buronson's Fist of the North Star, and Masami Kurumada's Fuma no Kojiro, Otokozaka and Saint Seiya.

Animations adapted from Water Margin include: Giant Robo: The Animation, an anime series based on Mitsuteru Yokoyama's manga series; Outlaw Star, another cartoon series which makes several references to the novel; Hero: 108, a flash animated series produced by various companies and shown on Cartoon Network.

Jurchen chief and Khan Nurhaci read the Chinese novels Romance of the Three Kingdoms and Water Margin learning all he knew about Chinese military and political strategies from them.