Yttrium is a chemical element with the symbol Y and atomic number 39.
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22 Facts About Yttrium
2.
Yttrium is almost always found in combination with lanthanide elements in rare-earth minerals, and is never found in nature as a free element.
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3.
Yttrium is used in the production of electrodes, electrolytes, electronic filters, lasers, superconductors, various medical applications, and tracing various materials to enhance their properties.
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4.
Yttrium named the mineral after the village of Ytterby, in Sweden, where it had been discovered.
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5.
Yttrium is a soft, silver-metallic, lustrous and highly crystalline transition metal in group 3.
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6.
Yttrium is so close in size to the so-called 'yttrium group' of heavy lanthanide ions that in solution, it behaves as if it were one of them.
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7.
Yttrium complexes were the first examples of complexes where carboranyl ligands were bound to a d-metal center through a ?-hapticity.
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8.
Yttrium isotopes are among the most common products of the nuclear fission of uranium in nuclear explosions and nuclear reactors.
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9.
Yttrium-89 is thought to be more abundant than it otherwise would be, due in part to the s-process, which allows enough time for isotopes created by other processes to decay by electron emission .
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10.
Yttrium has at least 20 metastable isomers ranging in mass number from 78 to 102.
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11.
Yttrium is found in most rare-earth minerals, it is found in some uranium ores, but is never found in the Earth's crust as a free element.
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12.
Yttrium has no known biological role, though it is found in most, if not all, organisms and tends to concentrate in the liver, kidney, spleen, lungs, and bones of humans.
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13.
Yttrium is concentrated in the HREE group because of its ion size, though it has a lower atomic mass.
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14.
Yttrium compounds are used as a catalyst for ethylene polymerization.
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15.
Yttrium is used in gas mantles for propane lanterns as a replacement for thorium, which is radioactive.
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16.
Yttrium is used in the production of a large variety of synthetic garnets, and yttria is used to make yttrium iron garnets, which are very effective microwave filters which were recently shown to have magnetic interactions more complex and longer-ranged than understood over the previous four decades.
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17.
Yttrium is used to increase the strength of aluminium and magnesium alloys.
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18.
Yttrium can be used to deoxidize vanadium and other non-ferrous metals.
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19.
Yttrium has been studied as a nodulizer in ductile cast iron, forming the graphite into compact nodules instead of flakes to increase ductility and fatigue resistance.
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21.
Yttrium is used in small quantities in cathodes of some Lithium iron phosphate battery, and then called commonly LiFeYPO4 chemistry, or LYP.
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22.
Yttrium currently has no known biological role, and it can be highly toxic to humans, animals and plants.
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