34 Facts About Ayutthaya Kingdom

The Ayutthaya Kingdom is considered to be the precursor of modern Thailand and its developments are an important part of the History of Thailand.

Ayutthaya Kingdom emerged from the mandala of city-states on the Lower Chao Phraya Valley in the late fourteenth century during the decline of the Khmer Empire.

Ayutthaya Kingdom faced invasions from the Toungoo dynasty of Burma, starting a centuries' old rivalry between the two regional powers, resulting in the First Fall of Ayutthaya Kingdom in 1569.

The Late Ayutthaya Kingdom Period was described as a "golden age" of Siamese culture and saw the rise in predominance of trade and political and cultural influence from the Chinese trade, a development that would continue to expand for the next century following the fall of Ayutthaya Kingdom.

In foreign accounts, Ayutthaya was called "Siam", but many sources say the people of Ayutthaya called themselves Tai, and their kingdom Krung Tai meaning 'Tai country' .

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Many polities had existed in the Lower Chao Phraya Valley before the foundation of Ayutthaya Kingdom including the Khmer Empire, Lopburi, Suphan Buri and Phetchaburi.

Integrity of the patchwork of cities of early Ayutthaya Kingdom was maintained largely through familial connections under the mandala system.

Politics of Early Ayutthaya Kingdom was characterized by rivalries between the two dynasties; the Uthong dynasty based on Lopburi and the Suphannabhum dynasty based on Suphanburi.

Ayutthaya Kingdom sent military campaigns into Sukhothai, Angkor, and Lan Na.

The government of Ayutthaya Kingdom was centralized and institutionalized under King Trailokkanat in his reforms promulgating in Palatine Law of 1455, which became the constitution of Ayutthaya Kingdom for the rest of its existence and continued to be the constitution of Siam until 1892, albeit in altered forms.

At the start of the 15th century, Ayutthaya Kingdom showed an interest in the Malay Peninsula, but the great trading ports of the Malacca Sultanate contested its claims to sovereignty.

Ayutthaya Kingdom launched several abortive conquests against Malacca which was diplomatically and economically fortified by the military support of Ming China.

Songtham temporarily restored stability to Ayutthaya Kingdom and focused inward on religious construction projects, notably a great temple at Wat Phra Phutthabat.

In 1662 war between Burma and Ayutthaya Kingdom erupted again when King Narai attempted to take advantage of unrest in Burma to seize control of Lan Na.

In 1753, following the request made by a delegation of Sri Lankan monks who traveled to Ayutthaya Kingdom, Borommakot sent two Siamese monks to reform Theravada Buddhism in Sri Lanka.

Ayutthaya Kingdom fought with the Nguyen Lords for control of Cambodia starting around 1715.

Ayutthaya Kingdom gathered forces and began striking back at the Burmese, using his connections to the Chinese community to lend him significant resources and political support.

Ayutthaya Kingdom finally established a capital at Thonburi, across the Chao Phraya from the present capital, Bangkok.

Ruins of the historic city of Ayutthaya Kingdom and "associated historic towns" in the Ayutthaya Kingdom Historical Park have been listed by UNESCO as World Heritage Site.

The city of Ayutthaya Kingdom was refounded near the old city, and is capital of Ayutthaya Kingdom Province.

Ayutthaya Kingdom is truly the god of the Siamese: no-one dares to utter his name.

The hegemony of the Ayutthaya Kingdom king was always based on his charisma based on his age and supporters.

The dramatic rise of Ayutthaya Kingdom had entailed constant warfare and, as none of the parties in the region possessed a technological advantage, the outcome of battles was usually determined by the size of the armies.

Ayutthaya Kingdom ended the practice of nominating royal princes to govern Ayutthaya's provinces, assigning instead court officials who were expected to execute policies handed down by the king.

The royal court of Ayutthaya Kingdom developed classical dramatic forms of expression called khon and lakhon .

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The Siamese capital, Ayutthaya Kingdom, was named after the holy city of Ayodhya, the city of Rama.

Ayutthaya Kingdom officially used cowrie shells, prakab, and pod duang as currencies.

Ayutthaya Kingdom became a main destination for merchants from China and Japan.

Ayutthaya Kingdom's economy declined rapidly in the 18th century, until the Burmese invasion caused the total collapse of Ayutthaya Kingdom's economy in 1767.

Some studies said that Ayutthaya Kingdom began a period of alienation from Western traders, while welcoming more Chinese merchants.

From Ayutthaya Kingdom, Japan was interested in purchasing Chinese silks, as well as deerskins and ray or shark skins .

Nationalist-themed histories of Ayutthaya Kingdom, pioneered by Prince Damrong, primarily featured the stories of kings fighting wars and the idea of Eurocentric territorial subjugation of neighboring states.

Since the 1970s, newer generations of academics have come up and challenged the old historiography, paying more attention and publishing works about the history of Ayutthaya Kingdom, prominently beginning with Charnvit Kasetsiri's "The Rise of Ayudhya", published in 1977.

Idea that Ayutthaya Kingdom suffered a decline following the departure of Europeans in the late 17th century was an idea popularized, at first, in the Rattanakosin court, in an attempt to legitimize the new dynasty over the Ayutthaya Kingdom Ban Phlu Luang Dynasty, and more contemporarily by Anthony Reid's book on the "Age of Commerce".