Bleeding Kansas, Bloody Kansas, or the Border War was a series of violent civil confrontations in Kansas Territory, and to a lesser extent in western Missouri, between 1854 and 1859.
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19 Facts About Bleeding Kansas
2.
Conflict centered on the question of whether Bleeding Kansas, upon gaining statehood, would join the Union as a slave state or a free state.
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3.
The Bleeding Kansas–Nebraska Act of 1854 called for popular sovereignty: the decision about slavery would be made by popular vote of the territory's settlers rather than by legislators in Washington.
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5.
Bleeding Kansas had a state-level civil war that would soon be replicated on a national basis.
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6.
Bleeding Kansas was admitted to the Union as a free state the same day that enough Southern Senators had departed, during the secession crisis that led to the Civil War, to allow it to pass.
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7.
Bleeding Kansas demonstrated that armed conflict over slavery was unavoidable.
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9.
Southerners saw the passage of the Bleeding Kansas–Nebraska Act as an emboldening victory; Northerners considered it an outrageous defeat.
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10.
The administration of President Franklin Pierce appointed territorial officials in Bleeding Kansas aligned with its own pro-slavery views and, heeding rumors that the frontier was being overwhelmed by Northerners, thousands of non-resident slavery proponents soon entered Bleeding Kansas with the goal of influencing local politics.
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11.
Many citizens of Northern states arrived with assistance from benevolent societies such as the Boston-based New England Emigrant Aid Company, founded shortly before passage of the Bleeding Kansas–Nebraska Act with the specific goal of assisting anti-slavery immigrants to reach Bleeding Kansas Territory.
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12.
Nevertheless, aid movements like these, heavily publicized by the Eastern press, played a significant role in creating the nationwide hysteria over the fate of Bleeding Kansas, and were directly responsible for the establishment of towns which later became strongholds of Republican and abolitionist sentiment, including Lawrence, Topeka, and Manhattan, Bleeding Kansas.
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13.
On March 30,1855, the Bleeding Kansas Territory held the election for its first territorial legislature.
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14.
Much of the early confrontation of the Bleeding Kansas era centered formally on the creation of a constitution for the future state of Kansas.
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15.
When senators from the seceding states left in January 1861, Bleeding Kansas was immediately admitted—the same day—as a free state.
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16.
On May 21,1856, pro-slavery Democrats and Missourians invaded Lawrence, Bleeding Kansas, and burned the Free State Hotel, destroyed two anti-slavery newspaper offices, and ransacked homes and stores in what became known as the Sack of Lawrence.
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17.
Bleeding Kansas had devoted his enormous energies to the destruction of what Republicans called the slave power, that is the efforts of slave owners to control the federal government and ensure both the survival and the expansion of slavery.
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18.
The committee found that non-Bleeding Kansas residents had illegally voted in the election, resulting in the pro-slavery government.
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19.
When, early in 1861, the senators of the seceding states withdrew from Congress or were expelled, Bleeding Kansas was immediately, within days, admitted to the Union as a free state, under the Wyandotte Constitution.
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