24 Facts About Catawba people

Catawba people were among the East Coast tribes who made selective alliances with some of the early European colonists, when these colonists agreed to help them in their ongoing conflicts with other tribes.

Decimated by colonial smallpox epidemics, warfare and cultural disruption, the Catawba people declined markedly in number in the late eighteenth and nineteenth centuries.

Some Catawba people continued to live in their homelands in South Carolina, while others joined the Choctaw or Cherokee, at least temporarily.

Catawba people have been known as Esaw, or Issa, named after their territory along the principal waterway of the region.

Catawba people asserted that by 1660 they had migrated south to the Catawba River, competing in this territory with the Cherokee, an Iroquoian-speaking tribe who were based west of the French Broad River in southwestern North Carolina, southeastern Tennessee, northwestern South Carolina and northeastern Georgia.

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Catawba people had armed confrontations with several northern tribes, particularly the Haudenosaunee Seneca nation, and the Algonquian-speaking Lenape, with whom they competed for hunting resources and territory.

The Catawba people chased Lenape raiding parties back to the north in the 1720s and 1730s, going across the Potomac River.

At one point, a party of Catawba people is said to have followed a party of Lenape who attacked them, and to have overtaken them near Leesburg, Virginia.

Tribes located to the west continued warfare against the Catawba people, who were so reduced that they could raise little resistance.

In 1826, the Catawba people leased nearly half their reservation to whites for a few thousand dollars of annuity; their dwindling number of members depended on this money for survival.

At a later period some Catawba people removed to the Choctaw Nation in Indian Territory and settled near present-day Scullyville, Oklahoma.

Catawba people were sedentary agriculturists, who fished and hunted for game.

Customs and beliefs of the early Catawba people were documented by the anthropologist Frank Speck in the twentieth century.

Catawba people were electing their chief prior to the start of the 20th century.

In 1909 the Catawba people sent a petition to the United States government seeking to be given United States citizenship.

The Catawba people were not at that time a recognized Native American tribe as they had lost their land and did not have a reservation.

Catawba people were federally recognized as a Native American tribe in 1941, and they created a written constitution in 1944.

The Catawba people decided that they preferred to be organized as a tribal community.

Under the terms of the 1993 Settlement Act, the Catawba people waived its right to be governed by the Indian Gaming Regulatory Act.

When in 2004 the Catawba people entered into an exclusive management contract with SPM Resorts, Inc, to manage all new bingo facilities, some tribal members were critical.

The Catawba people filed suit against the state of South Carolina for the right to operate video poker and similar "electronic play" devices on their reservation.

In 2014, the Catawba people made a second attempt to operate a bingo parlor, opening one at what was formerly a BI-LO, on Cherry Road in Rock Hill.

Catawba people submitted the required acquisition application to the United States Department of the Interior in August 2013, seeking to have the US place this property of 16.

Catawba people was said to have persuaded the Catawba to lend their name to the scheme, and had a history of criminal and civil enforcement actions against him and his companies for illegal gambling.