56 Facts About Cherokee

Cherokee are one of the indigenous peoples of the Southeastern Woodlands of the United States.

Cherokee believes that the origin of the proto-Iroquoian language was likely the Appalachian region, and the split between Northern and Southern Iroquoian languages began 4, 000 years ago.

Cherokee Nation has more than 300, 000 tribal members, making it the largest of the 574 federally recognized tribes in the United States.

The Eastern Band of Cherokee Indians is located on land known as the Qualla Boundary in western North Carolina.

Example, the people of the Connestee culture period are believed to be ancestors of the historic Cherokee and occupied what is Western North Carolina in the Middle Woodland period, circa 200 to 600 CE.

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The Overhill Cherokee occupied towns along the lower Little Tennessee River and upper Tennessee River on the western side of the Appalachian Mountains, in present-day southeastern Tennessee.

The Cherokee consider this area to be part of their homelands, which extended into southeastern Tennessee.

Cherokee recorded meeting Cherokee-speaking people who visited him while he stayed at the Joara chiefdom.

Cherokee's expedition proceeded into the interior, noting villages near modern Asheville and other places that are part of the Cherokee homelands.

Cherokee recounted what they shared about pre-19th-century Cherokee culture and society.

Cherokee'storians noted the name closely resembled that recorded for the Eriechronon or Erielhonan, commonly known as the Erie tribe, another Iroquoian-speaking people based south of the Great Lakes in present-day northern Pennsylvania.

Cherokee fought with the Yamasee, Catawba, and British in late 1712 and early 1713 against the Tuscarora in the Second Tuscarora War.

Moytoy's son, Amo-sgasite, attempted to succeed him as "Emperor" in 1741, but the Cherokee elected their own leader, Conocotocko (Old Hop) of Chota.

Political power among the Cherokee remained decentralized, and towns acted autonomously.

In 1735 the Cherokee were said to have sixty-four towns and villages, with an estimated fighting force of 6, 000 men.

In 1738 and 1739 smallpox epidemics broke out among the Cherokee, who had no natural immunity to the new infectious disease.

Hundreds of other Cherokee committed suicide due to their losses and disfigurement from the disease.

Daniel Boone and his party tried to settle in Kentucky, but the Shawnee, Delaware, Mingo, and some Cherokee attacked a scouting and forage party that included Boone's son.

In 1776, allied with the Shawnee led by Cornstalk, Cherokee attacked settlers in South Carolina, Georgia, Virginia, and North Carolina in the Second Cherokee War.

Notable traders, agents, and refugee Tories among the Cherokee included John Stuart, Henry Stuart, Alexander Cameron, John McDonald, John Joseph Vann, Daniel Ross (father of John Ross), John Walker Sr.

The deerskin trade was no longer feasible on their greatly reduced lands, and over the next several decades, the people of the fledgling Cherokee Nation began to build a new society modeled on the white Southern United States.

Cherokee encouraged the Cherokee to abandon their communal land-tenure and settle on individual farmsteads, which was facilitated by the destruction of many American Indian towns during the American Revolutionary War.

Cherokee exported cotton to England, and owned a steamboat on the Tennessee River.

Cherokee allied with the U S against the nativist and pro-British Red Stick faction of the Upper Creek in the Creek War during the War of 1812.

Cherokee warriors led by Major Ridge played a major role in General Andrew Jackson's victory at the Battle of Horseshoe Bend.

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Cherokee spoke no English, but his experiences as a silversmith dealing regularly with white settlers, and as a warrior at Horseshoe Bend, convinced him the Cherokee needed to develop writing.

In 1819, the Cherokee began holding council meetings at New Town, at the headwaters of the Oostanaula.

In 1827, the Cherokee Nation drafted a Constitution modeled on the United States, with executive, legislative and judicial branches and a system of checks and balances.

Cherokee, eventually, migrated as far north as the Missouri Bootheel by 1816.

Group of Cherokee traditionalists led by Di'wali moved to Spanish Texas in 1819.

These were the "Old Settlers", the first of the Cherokee to make their way to what would eventually become Indian Territory.

Jackson claimed the removal policy was an effort to prevent the Cherokee from facing extinction as a people, which he considered the fate that ".

Cherokee brought their grievances to a US judicial review that set a precedent in Indian country.

Small group known as the "Ridge Party" or the "Treaty Party" saw relocation as inevitable and believed the Cherokee Nation needed to make the best deal to preserve their rights in Indian Territory.

In return for their lands, the Cherokee were promised a large tract in the Indian Territory, $5 million, and $300, 000 for improvements on their new lands.

In keeping with the tribe's "blood law" that prescribed the death penalty for Cherokee who sold lands, Ross's son arranged the murder of the leaders of the "Treaty Party".

In 1839, as President of the Western Cherokee, Sequoyah signed an Act of Union with John Ross that reunited the two groups of the Cherokee Nation.

Cherokee living along the Oconaluftee River in the Great Smoky Mountains were the most conservative and isolated from European–American settlements.

Over 400 Cherokee either hid from Federal troops in the remote Snowbird Mountains, under the leadership of Tsali, or belonged to the former Valley Towns area around the Cheoah River who negotiated with the state government to stay in North Carolina.

An additional 400 Cherokee stayed on reserves in Southeast Tennessee, North Georgia, and Northeast Alabama, as citizens of their respective states.

Cherokee lived in a self-imposed exile in Philadelphia, supporting the Union.

Cherokee became a Brigadier General of the Confederate States; the only other American Indian to hold the rank in the American Civil War was Ely S Parker with the Union Army.

Many Cherokee Freedmen have been active politically within the tribe.

On July 9, 2020, the United States Supreme Court decided in the McGirt v Oklahoma decision in a criminal jurisdiction case that half of the land of the state of Oklahoma made up of tribal nations like the Cherokee are officially Native American tribal land jurisdictions.

In 2007, the Eastern Band of Cherokee Indians entered into a partnership with Southwestern Community College and Western Carolina University to create the Oconaluftee Institute for Cultural Arts, to emphasize native art and culture in traditional fine arts education.

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Cherokee remained a citizen of and under the laws of the United States.

Cherokee women are regarded as tradition-keepers and responsible for cultural preservation.

The Cherokee were among the Native American peoples who sold Indian slaves to traders for use as laborers in Virginia and further north.

Cherokee speak a Southern Iroquoian language, which is polysynthetic and is written in a syllabary invented by Sequoyah in the 1810s.

For years, many people wrote transliterated Cherokee or used poorly intercompatible fonts to type out the syllabary.

Cherokee have participated in at least thirty-six treaties in the past three hundred years.

Cherokee Nation participates in numerous joint programs with the Eastern Band of Cherokee Indians.

The Cherokee Nation includes numerous members who have mixed ancestry, including African-American, Latino American, Asian American, European-American, and others.

The Eastern Band of Cherokee Indians requires a minimum of one-sixteenth Cherokee blood quantum and an ancestor on the Baker Roll.

The United Keetoowah Band of Cherokee Indians requires a minimum of one-quarter Keetoowah Cherokee blood quantum.

Contemporary notable Cherokee people are listed in the articles for the appropriate tribe.