25 Facts About Clandeboye

Clandeboye or Clannaboy was a kingdom of Gaelic Ireland, comprising what is south County Antrim, north County Down, and the barony of Loughinsholin, Northern Ireland.

Clandeboye's descendants took advantage of the demise of the Earldom of Ulster during the latter 14th century and seized vast portions of territory.

Clandeboye has been adopted as the name of an electoral ward of North Down Borough Council.

Emergence of the Kingdom of Clandeboye is closely associated with the history of its neighbour the Kingdom of Tyrone and the Gaelic resurgence of the 14th century.

Clandeboye's lands were suited to cattle grazing and so their rulers were able to attain a significant level of wealth through this.

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Towards the end of the 14th century and into the early 15th century, the Clandeboye shifted away from their rapprochement with their O'Neill of Tyrone cousins and as with the case of their neighbours to the south, the Magennis clan of Iveagh, entered into an alliance with the powerful O'Donnells of Tyrconnell under Turlough an Fhiona O'Donnell.

O'Neills of Clandeboye diligently offered their services up to the Crown forces during the campaign of Shane O'Neill.

Brian Faghartach was the first Lord of Upper Clandeboye, thought likely to be involved in a surrender and regrant, allowing him to establish himself as a Lord of a portion in the now split up Clandeboye.

At Carrickfergus, an Anglo-Irish crown garrison had been established under William Piers with the support of Brian McPhelim O'Neill, the Lord of Lower Clandeboye, who was knighted for supporting them against Shane the Proud and the Scots in the Glens of Antrim.

Piers as the Seneschal of Clandeboye, was keen to encourage provincial Gaelic clans loyal to the Crown in Ulster as a balance against the influx of Scots, whose presence was unwelcome to the English: a policy which seemingly boded well for Clandeboye.

Various different factions of the Clandeboye O'Neills felt aggrieved by the unexpected selection of Niall McBrian Fertagh O'Neill as lord of Clandeboye, causing internal conflict.

Lower Clandeboye was split into two: three-quarters, based around Belfast, were awarded to Shane McBrian O'Neill, while the remaining quarter, based around Edenduffcarrick, was awarded to Hugh Oge O'Neill.

Shane McBrian O'Neill of Lower Clandeboye was a Member of Parliament for Antrim County in 1585.

Clandeboye briefly rebelled against the Crown during Tyrone's Rebellion in 1598 but was reconciled and was pardoned as a result.

The main negative effect on Clandeboye was the actions of Arthur Chichester after 1601, who set about burning destroying crops and animals as well as killing men, women and children without scruple.

Conn McNeill O'Neill, the Lord of Upper Clandeboye, who was based at Castlereagh, was arrested around Christmas of 1602.

Niall O'Neill, the Lord of Lower Clandeboye, had died in 1600 fighting for the Crown during the Nine Years' War against the Earl of Tyrone.

Clandeboye's son, Carlos O'Neill, was a Professed Knight of the Military Order of Christ and was familiar with John VI of Portugal.

Clandeboye was the first of many to belong to this Order and to elite positions in Portuguese society: one descendant was even made Viscount of Santa Monica.

Clandeboye imagined a completely demilitarised Ulster, where no Gael, whether kerne or Gallowglass, would be allowed to bear arms, even spear or axe, on pain of capital punishment.

The Irish Gaels of Clandeboye were to be "dispersed into severall Lordshippes and well corrected, yf they breake lawes", those who remained in the area would be reduced to disarmed helots, tiling the land in agricultural labour under English overlordship.

In 1584, Lower Clandeboye was further split in two, with different bases at Belfast and Edenduffcarrick.

Clandeboye itself was later divided between County Antrim, County Down and County Coleraine in the Kingdom of Ireland.

The territory of Clandeboye was associated with the Diocese of Down and Connor under the Bishop of Down and Connor.

Clandeboye hosted some significant monastic houses, typically pre-dating the entry of the O'Neills into the area.

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