29 Facts About DNA profiling

1.

DNA profiling is the process of determining an individual's DNA characteristics.

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2.

DNA profiling analysis intended to identify a species, rather than an individual, is called DNA profiling barcoding.

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3.

DNA profiling is a forensic technique in criminal investigations, comparing criminal suspects' profiles to DNA evidence so as to assess the likelihood of their involvement in the crime.

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4.

DNA profiling has been used in the study of animal and plant populations in the fields of zoology, botany, and agriculture.

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5.

Pitchfork's profile matched that of DNA profiling left by the murderer which confirmed Pitchfork's presence at both crime scenes; he pleaded guilty to both murders.

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6.

DNA profiling uses repetitive sequences that are highly variable, called variable number tandem repeats, in particular short tandem repeats, known as microsatellites, and minisatellites.

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7.

Once the DNA profiling is free, it can be separated from all other cellular components.

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8.

The most common methods of DNA profiling extraction include organic extraction, Chelex extraction, and solid phase extraction.

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9.

Once the DNA profiling has been "extracted" from the cells within the sample and separated away from extraneous cellular materials and any nucleases that would degrade the DNA profiling, the sample can then be introduced to the desired restriction enzymes to be cut up into discernable fragments.

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10.

System of DNA profiling used today is based on polymerase chain reaction and uses simple sequences.

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11.

However, the reality is quite different, and perfect DNA profiling samples are often not collected from the scene of a crime.

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12.

High molecular weight DNA profiling is lacking in degraded samples, as the DNA profiling is too fragmented to carry out RFLP accurately.

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13.

In instances in which DNA profiling samples are degraded, like if there are intense fires or all that remains are bone fragments, standard STR testing on those samples can be inadequate.

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14.

That can often occur when a DNA profiling sample is swabbed from an item that is handled by more than one person or when a sample contains both the victim's and the assailant's DNA profiling.

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15.

The DNA profiling ratio is often the most important aspect to look at in determining whether a mixture can be interpreted.

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16.

For example, if a DNA profiling sample had two contributors, it would be easy to interpret individual profiles if the ratio of DNA profiling contributed by one person was much higher than the second person.

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17.

An early application of a DNA database was the compilation of a Mitochondrial DNA Concordance, prepared by Kevin W P Miller and John L Dawson at the University of Cambridge from 1996 to 1999 from data collected as part of Miller's PhD thesis.

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18.

DNA profiling collected from a suspect not later convicted must be disposed of and not entered into the database.

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19.

DNA profiling's DNA was taken and tested, and he was later released.

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20.

Nine months later, this man's DNA profiling was accidentally and illegally entered in the DNA profiling database.

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21.

Familial DNA profiling database searching was first used in an investigation leading to the conviction of Jeffrey Gafoor of the murder of Lynette White in the United Kingdom on 4 July 2003.

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22.

DNA profiling evidence was matched to Gafoor's nephew, who at 14 years old had not been born at the time of the murder in 1988.

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23.

DNA profiling found on the brick matched that found at the scene of a car theft earlier in the day, but there were no good matches on the national DNA profiling database.

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24.

When his DNA profiling was entered into the database of convicted felons, detectives were alerted to a partial match to evidence found at the "Grim Sleeper" crime scenes.

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25.

Critics of familial DNA profiling database searches argue that the technique is an invasion of an individual's 4th Amendment rights.

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26.

Partial DNA profiling matches are the result of moderate stringency CODIS searches that produce a potential match that shares at least one allele at every locus.

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27.

The synthetic DNA profiling oligos required for the procedure are common in molecular laboratories.

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28.

DNA profiling's test detects epigenetic modifications, in particular, DNA methylation.

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29.

DNA profiling testing has been used to establish the right of succession to British titles.

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