23 Facts About Hopi

Hopi are a Native American tribe who primarily live on the Hopi Reservation in northeastern Arizona, United States.

The Hopi Tribe is a sovereign nation within the United States and has government-to-government relations with the United States federal government.

The Hopi language is one of 30 in the Uto-Aztecan language family.

The majority of Hopi people are enrolled in the Hopi Tribe of Arizona but some are enrolled in the Colorado River Indian Tribes.

Hopi encountered Spaniards in the 16th century, and are historically referred to as Pueblo people, because they lived in villages .

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The Hopi are thought to be descended from the Ancestral Puebloans, who constructed large apartment-house complexes and had an advanced culture that spanned the present-day Four Corners region of the United States, comprising southeastern Utah, northeastern Arizona, northwestern New Mexico, and southwestern Colorado.

Hopi is a concept deeply rooted in the culture's religion, spirituality, and its view of morality and ethics.

The Hopi observe their traditional ceremonies for the benefit of the entire world.

Hopi have always viewed their land as sacred, seeing themselves as caretakers of the land that they inherited from their ancestors.

The Hopi originally settled near the foot of the mesas but in the course of the 17th century moved to the mesa tops for protection from the Utes, Apaches, and Spanish.

Spanish colonized near the Rio Grande and, because the Hopi did not live near rivers that gave access to the Rio Grande, the Spanish never left any troops on their land.

Spanish Roman Catholic priests were only marginally successful in converting the Hopi and persecuted them for adhering to Hopi religious practices.

The Spanish occupiers enslaved the Hopi populace, forcing them to labor and hand over goods and crops.

Spanish oppression and attempts to convert the Hopi caused the Hopi over time to become increasingly intolerant towards their occupiers.

The Hopi people had settled in permanent villages, while the nomadic Navajo people moved around the four corners.

Under the Indian Reorganization Act of 1934, the Hopi established a constitution to create their own tribal government, and in 1936 elected a Tribal Council.

Today's Hopi Reservation is traversed by Arizona State Route 264, a paved road that links the numerous Hopi villages.

Hopi tribe is federally recognized and headquartered in Kykotsmovi, Arizona.

Hopi tribe earns most of its income from natural resources.

Hopi people have repeatedly voted against gambling casinos as an economic opportunity.

Hopi collect and dry a native perennial plant called Thelesperma megapotamicum, known by the common name Hopi tea, and use it to make an herbal tea, as a medicinal remedy and a yellow dye.

Four young Hopi women grinding grain, c 1906, photo by Edward S Curtis.

Hopi woman dressing hair of unmarried girl, c 1900, photo by Henry Peabody.