17 Facts About Jamaican Maroons

Jamaican Maroons descend from Africans who freed themselves from slavery on the Colony of Jamaica and established communities of free black people in the island's mountainous interior, primarily in the eastern parishes.

Tension between Governor Alexander Lindsay, and the majority of the Leeward Jamaican Maroons resulted in the Second Maroon War from 1795 to 1796.

The deported Jamaican Maroons were unhappy with conditions in Canada, and in 1800 a majority left, having obtained passage to Freetown, eight years after the Sierra Leone Company established it in West Africa as a British colony, where they formed the Sierra Leone Creole ethnic identity.

Some Spanish Jamaican Maroons created palenques, or stockaded mountain farms, first at Lluidas Vale, in modern-day St Catharine Parish, under Juan de Bolas.

Morgan achieved some success against the Jamaican Maroons, who withdrew further into the Blue Mountains, where they were able to stay out of the reach of Morgan and his forces.

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From early on, the Jamaican Maroons governors considered their settlements an impediment to English development of the interior.

Jamaican Maroons was known for her exceptional leadership skills, especially in guerrilla warfare during the First Maroon War.

Jamaican Maroons's remains are reputedly buried at "Bump Grave" in Moore Town, the main town of the Windward Maroons, who are concentrated in and around the Rio Grande valley in the north-eastern parish of Portland.

The Windward Jamaican Maroons were originally located at Crawford's Town and the new Nanny Town.

Jamaican Maroons then ordered that the Maroons of Crawford's Town be resettled in the new, nearby Windward Maroon towns of Charles Town and Scott's Hall.

Second Maroon War began in 1795 against the background of the British-Jamaican Maroons planters panicked by the excesses of the French Revolution, and by the corresponding start of a slave revolt in neighboring Saint-Domingue, which ended with the independence of Haiti in 1804.

The Trelawny Jamaican Maroons, led by their colonel, Montague James, chose to fight and were initially successful, fighting a guerrilla war in small bands under several captains, of whom the most noted were Johnson, Parkinson, and Palmer.

The Jamaican Maroons only put down their arms on condition that they would not be deported, and Walpole gave his word that would be the case.

The Accompong Jamaican Maroons tried but failed in their attempts to disperse the runaway community of Cuffee, who established a community of runaway slaves in the Cockpit Country in 1798.

The Trelawny Jamaican Maroons flourished in Sierra Leone at first, but their situation soon soured, and they submitted petitions to British government, asking for permission to return to Jamaica.

In 1841, the first ship to arrive in Sierra Leone looking for African workers was the Hector, and several Jamaican Maroons were so desperate to leave Sierra Leone that they did not wait for the ship to dock, but rowed out to meet it in their canoes.

Fyfe was called up once more to lead a combination of Moore Town Jamaican Maroons, including some who resided in Hayfield and Bath, and they committed a number of atrocities before they captured Bogle.