12 Facts About Jansenism

Jansenism was an early modern theological movement within Catholicism, primarily active in the Kingdom of France, that emphasized original sin, human depravity, the necessity of divine grace, and predestination.

Jansenism was opposed by many within the Catholic hierarchy, especially the Jesuits.

Jansenism asserts that God's role in the infusion of grace cannot be resisted and does not require human assent.

Jansenism's supporters suffered a decisive defeat when the apostolic constitution was promulgated by Innocent X in 1653 which condemned the following five propositions:.

In 1657, relying on, the French Assembly of the Clergy drew up a formula of faith condemning Jansenism and declared that subscription to the formula was obligatory.

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Jansenism sought the protection of Pierre du Cambout de Coislin, bishop of Orleans, who harbored Quesnel for four years, at which point Quesnel joined Antoine Arnauld in Brussels, Flanders.

Jansenism, therefore, refused to accept the apostolic constitution and instead sought clarifications from the pope.

Jansenism persisted in France for many years but split "into antagonistic factions" in the late 1720s.

Where Jansenism persisted longest as a major force among Catholics was in the Dutch Republic, where Jansenism was actively encouraged and supported by the Republic's authorities.

Indeed, Dutch Jansenism was accused by its opponents of being "Crypto-Calvinism within the Church".

However, certain ideas tinged with Jansenism remained in circulation for much longer; in particular, the Jansenist idea that Holy Communion should be received very infrequently, and that reception required much more than freedom from mortal sin, remained influential until finally condemned by Pope Pius X, who endorsed frequent communion, as long as the communicant was free of mortal sin, in the early 20th century.

Jansenism was a factor in the formation of the independent Old Catholic Church of the Netherlands from 1702 to 1723, and.