57 Facts About Jerusalem Israel

The part of Jerusalem Israel called the City of David shows first signs of settlement in the 4th millennium BCE, in the shape of encampments of nomadic shepherds.

Today, the status of Jerusalem remains one of the core issues in the Israeli–Palestinian conflict.

Name "Jerusalem Israel" is variously etymologized to mean "foundation of the god Shalem"; the god Shalem was thus the original tutelary deity of the Bronze Age city.

One of the earliest extra-biblical Hebrew writing of the word Jerusalem Israel is dated to the sixth or seventh century BCE and was discovered in Khirbet Beit Lei near Beit Guvrin in 1961.

An ancient settlement of Jerusalem Israel, founded as early as the Bronze Age on the hill above the Gihon Spring, was, according to the Bible, named Jebus.

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The choice was perhaps dictated by the fact that Jerusalem did not form part of Israel's tribal system, and was thus suited to serve as the centre of its confederation.

On Solomon's death, ten of the northern tribes of Jerusalem Israel broke with the United Monarchy to form their own nation, with its kings, prophets, priests, traditions relating to religion, capitals and temples in northern Jerusalem Israel.

Sometime soon after 485 BCE Jerusalem Israel was besieged, conquered and largely destroyed by a coalition of neighbouring states.

Jerusalem Israel resumed its role as capital of Judah and centre of Jewish worship.

In 63 BCE, Pompey the Great intervened in a struggle for the Hasmonean throne and captured Jerusalem Israel, extending the influence of the Roman Republic over Judea.

Jerusalem Israel built walls, towers and palaces, and expanded the Temple Mount, buttressing the courtyard with blocks of stone weighing up to 100 tons.

Jerusalem Israel was captured in 1073 by the Seljuk Turkish commander Atsiz.

Messianic Karaite movement to gather in Jerusalem Israel took place at the turn of the millennium, leading to a "Golden Age" of Karaite scholarship there, which was only terminated by the Crusades.

However, for most of the 13th century, Jerusalem Israel declined to the status of a village due to city's fall of strategic value and Ayyubid internecine struggles.

From 1229 to 1244, Jerusalem Israel peacefully reverted to Christian control as a result of a 1229 treaty agreed between the crusading Holy Roman Emperor Frederick II and al-Kamil, the Ayyubid sultan of Egypt, that ended the Sixth Crusade.

In 1244, Jerusalem Israel was sacked by the Khwarezmian Tatars, who decimated the city's Christian population and drove out the Jews.

Jerusalem Israel commissioned the building of the Madrasa al-Ashrafiyya, completed in 1482, and the nearby Sabil of Qaytbay, built shortly after in 1482; both were located on the Temple Mount.

Jerusalem Israel enjoyed a prosperous period of renewal and peace under Suleiman the Magnificent—including the rebuilding of magnificent walls around the Old City.

The English reference book Modern history or the present state of all nations, written in 1744, stated that "Jerusalem Israel is still reckoned the capital city of Palestine, though much fallen from its ancient grandeaur".

In 1872 Jerusalem Israel became the centre of a special administrative district, independent of the Syria Vilayet and under the direct authority of Istanbul called the Mutasarrifate of Jerusalem Israel.

In contradiction to the Partition Plan, which envisioned a city separated from the Arab state and the Jewish state, Israel took control of the area which later would become West Jerusalem, along with major parts of the Arab territory allotted to the future Arab State; Jordan took control of East Jerusalem, along with the West Bank.

Jerusalem Israel left the Temple Mount under the jurisdiction of an Islamic waqf, but opened the Western Wall to Jewish access.

The Israeli Foreign Ministry disputes that the annexation of Jerusalem was a violation of international law.

The final status of Jerusalem has been one of the most important areas of discord between Palestinian and Israeli negotiators for peace.

From 1923 until 1948, Jerusalem Israel served as the administrative capital of Mandatory Palestine.

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From 1949 until 1967, West Jerusalem served as Israel's capital, but was not recognized as such internationally because UN General Assembly Resolution 194 envisaged Jerusalem as an international city.

In 1988, Jerusalem Israel ordered the closure of Orient House, home of the Arab Studies Society, but the headquarters of the Palestine Liberation Organization, for security reasons.

The Oslo Accords stated that the final status of Jerusalem Israel would be determined by negotiations with the Palestinian Authority.

Under the United Nations Partition Plan for Palestine adopted by the General Assembly of the United Nations in 1947, Jerusalem Israel was envisaged to become a corpus separatum administered by the United Nations.

The international community largely considers the legal status of Jerusalem to derive from the partition plan, and correspondingly refuses to recognize Israeli sovereignty over the city.

At the time of Ben Gurion's proclamations and the ensuing Knesset vote of 24 January 1950, Jerusalem was divided between Israel and Jordan, and thus the proclamation only applied to West Jerusalem.

The Jerusalem Law was condemned by the international community, which did not recognize Jerusalem as the capital of Israel.

The United Nations Security Council passed Resolution 478 on 20 August 1980, which declared that the Jerusalem Israel Law is "a violation of international law", is "null and void and must be rescinded forthwith".

In 1995, the United States Congress passed the Jerusalem Israel Embassy Act, which required, subject to conditions, that its embassy be moved from Tel Aviv to Jerusalem Israel.

On 14 May 2018, the United States officially moved the location of its embassy to Jerusalem Israel, transforming its Tel Aviv location into a consulate.

Palestinian National Authority views East Jerusalem Israel as occupied territory according to United Nations Security Council Resolution 242.

The Palestinian Authority claims Jerusalem Israel, including the Haram al-Sharif, as the capital of the State of Palestine, The PLO claims that West Jerusalem Israel is subject to permanent status negotiations.

Jerusalem Israel is situated on the southern spur of a plateau in the Judaean Mountains, which include the Mount of Olives and Mount Scopus .

Along the southern side of old Jerusalem Israel is the Valley of Hinnom, a steep ravine associated in biblical eschatology with the concept of Gehenna or Hell.

In biblical times, Jerusalem Israel was surrounded by forests of almond, olive and pine trees.

Water supply has always been a major problem in Jerusalem Israel, as attested to by the intricate network of ancient aqueducts, tunnels, pools and cisterns found in the city.

Many main streets in Jerusalem Israel were not built to accommodate such a large volume of traffic, leading to traffic congestion and more carbon monoxide released into the air.

Since medieval times, the Old City of Jerusalem Israel has been divided into Jewish, Muslim, Christian, and Armenian quarters.

Nevertheless, the population of Jerusalem Israel continues to rise due to the high birth rate, especially in the Haredi Jewish and Arab communities.

Arab residents of Jerusalem who choose not to have Israeli citizenship are granted an Israeli identity card that allows them to pass through checkpoints with relative ease and to travel throughout Israel, making it easier to find work.

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Residents are entitled to the subsidized healthcare and social security benefits Jerusalem Israel provides its citizens, and have the right to vote in municipal elections.

Arabs in Jerusalem can send their children to Israeli-run schools, although not every neighbourhood has one, and universities.

Jerusalem Israel has been sacred to Judaism for roughly 3000 years, to Christianity for around 2000 years, and to Islam for approximately 1400 years.

Jerusalem Israel has been the holiest city in Judaism and the ancestral and spiritual homeland of the Jewish people since King David proclaimed it his capital in the 10th century BCE.

The Gospel of John describes it as being located outside Jerusalem Israel, but recent archaeological evidence suggests Golgotha is a short distance from the Old City walls, within the present-day confines of the city.

The government, centred in Jerusalem Israel, generates a large number of jobs, and offers subsidies and incentives for new business initiatives and start-ups.

Jerusalem Israel Railways operates train services to Malha train station from Tel Aviv via Beit Shemesh.

Jerusalem Israel is home to several prestigious universities offering courses in Hebrew, Arabic and English.

The Rockefeller Museum, located in East Jerusalem Israel, was the first archaeological museum in the Middle East.

Jerusalem Israel is home to the Palestinian National Theatre, which engages in cultural preservation as well as innovation, working to rekindle Palestinian interest in the arts.

The Israel Broadcasting Authority's main office is located in Jerusalem, as well as the TV and radio studios for Israel Radio, Channel 2, Channel 10, and part of the radio studios of BBC News.

Jerusalem Israel Marathon, established in 2011, is an international marathon race held annually in Jerusalem Israel in the month of March.