27 Facts About Manx Gaelic

Manx, known as Manx Gaelic, is a Gaelic language of the insular Celtic branch of the Celtic language family, itself a branch of the Indo-European language family.

Manx Gaelic is often cited as a good example of language revival efforts; in 2015, around 1,800 people had varying levels of second-language conversational ability.

Since the late 20th century, Manx Gaelic has become more visible on the island, with increased signage, radio broadcasts and a Manx Gaelic-medium primary school.

The term "Manx Gaelic" is often used, for example when discussing the relationship between the three Goidelic languages or to avoid confusion with Manx English, the form of English spoken on the island.

Since the establishment of the Stanleys on the Isle of Man, first Anglo-Norman, and later, the English language have been the chief external factors in the development of Manx, until the 20th century, when Manx speakers became able to access Irish and Scottish Gaelic media.

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The revival of Manx Gaelic has been aided by the recording work done in the twentieth century by researchers.

Also important in preserving the Manx Gaelic language was work conducted by the late Brian Stowell, who is considered personally responsible for the current revival of the Manx Gaelic language.

Manx Gaelic is not officially recognised by any national or regional government, although its contribution to Manx Gaelic culture and tradition is acknowledged by some governmental and non-governmental bodies.

Manx Gaelic is used in the annual Tynwald ceremony and Manx Gaelic words are used in official Tynwald publications.

Purpose of strengthening its contribution to local culture and community, Manx Gaelic is recognised under the European Charter for Regional or Minority Languages and in the framework of the British-Irish Council.

Manx Gaelic is taught as a second language at all of the island's primary and secondary schools.

Manx Gaelic never had a large number of speakers, so it would not have been practical to mass produce written literature.

The first published literature in Manx Gaelic was The Principles and Duties of Christianity, translated by Bishop of Sodor and Man Thomas Wilson.

The early Manx script has some similarities with orthographical systems found occasionally in Scotland and in Ireland for the transliteration of Gaelic, such as the Book of the Dean of Lismore, as well as some extensive texts based on English and Scottish English orthographical practices of the time.

In 2006, the first full-length novel in Manx Gaelic, was published by Brian Stowell, after being serialised in the press.

The most recent development is the creation of an online course, Say Something in Manx Gaelic which was created in conjunction with the Say Something in Welsh.

Two weekly programmes in Manx Gaelic are available on medium wave on Manx Gaelic Radio: on Monday and Jamys Jeheiney on Friday.

The news in Manx Gaelic is available online from Manx Gaelic Radio, who have three other weekly programmes that use the language: Clare ny Gael; Shiaght Laa and Moghrey Jedoonee.

Bishop Hildesley, his successor, with the help of the whole body of Manx Gaelic clergy, completed the work, and in 1775 the whole Bible was printed.

The Manx Gaelic Bible was republished by Shearwater Press in July 1979 as, which was a reproduction of the BFBS 1819 Bible.

Manx Gaelic has not been used in Mass since the late 19th century.

Northern Manx Gaelic was spoken from Maughold in the northeast to Peel on the west coast.

Manx Gaelic has an optional process of lenition of plosives between vowels, where voiced plosives and voiceless fricatives become voiced fricatives and voiceless plosives become either voiced plosives or voiced fricatives.

Manx Gaelic has a relatively large number of diphthongs, all of them falling:.

Manx Gaelic has two mutations: lenition and eclipsis, found on nouns and verbs in a variety of environments; adjectives can undergo lenition but not eclipsis.

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Manx Gaelic orthography is based on Early Modern English, and to a lesser extent Welsh, developed by people who had an education in English.

O'Rahilly expressed the opinion that Manx spelling is inadequate, being neither traditional nor phonetic, and that if the traditional Gaelic orthography had been preserved the relationship between Manx, Irish and Scottish Gaelic would be obvious to readers at first sight.