35 Facts About Scottish Gaelic

Scottish Gaelic, known as Scots Gaelic and Gaelic, is a Goidelic language native to the Gaels of Scotland.

Outside Scotland, a dialect known as Canadian Scottish Gaelic has been spoken in eastern Canada and Glengarry County, Ontario since the 18th century.

However, it is classed as an indigenous language under the European Charter for Regional or Minority Languages, which the UK Government has ratified, and the Scottish Gaelic Language Act 2005 established a language-development body,.

Scottish Gaelic is distinct from Scots, the Middle English-derived language which had come to be spoken in most of the Lowlands of Scotland by the early modern era.

Today, Scottish Gaelic is recognised as a separate language from Irish, so the word in reference to Scottish Gaelic is no longer used.

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In 1018, after the conquest of Lothian by the Kingdom of Scotland, Scottish Gaelic reached its social, cultural, political, and geographic zenith.

In southern Scotland, Scottish Gaelic was strong in Galloway, adjoining areas to the north and west, West Lothian, and parts of western Midlothian.

When Malcolm and Margaret died in 1093, the Scottish Gaelic aristocracy rejected their anglicised sons and instead backed Malcolm's brother Donald Ban .

Scottish Gaelic was the last Scottish monarch to be buried on Iona, the traditional burial place of the Gaelic Kings of and the Kingdom of Alba.

Scottish Gaelic was seen, at this time, as one of the causes of the instability of the region.

The first well-known translation of the Bible into Scottish Gaelic was made in 1767 when Dr James Stuart of Killin and Dugald Buchanan of Rannoch produced a translation of the New Testament.

In 1798 4 tracts in Scottish Gaelic were published by the Society for Propagating the Gospel at Home.

In 1863, an observer sympathetic to Scottish Gaelic stated that "knowledge of English is indispensable to any poor islander who wishes to learn a trade or to earn his bread beyond the limits of his native Isle".

Records of their speech show that Irish and Scottish Gaelic existed in a dialect chain with no clear language boundary.

Between the 2001 and 2011 censuses, the number of Scottish Gaelic speakers rose in nineteen of the country's 32 council areas.

Scottish Gaelic has long suffered from its lack of use in educational and administrative contexts and was long suppressed.

Performs assessment of spoken Scottish Gaelic, resulting in the issue of a Bronze Card, Silver Card or Gold Card.

In October 2009, a new agreement allowed Scottish Gaelic to be formally used between Scottish Government ministers and European Union officials.

The Scottish government had to pay for the translation from Gaelic to other European languages.

Scottish Gaelic said; "Allowing Gaelic speakers to communicate with European institutions in their mother tongue is a progressive step forward and one which should be welcomed".

Bilingual road signs, street names, business and advertisement signage are gradually being introduced throughout Scottish Gaelic-speaking regions in the Highlands and Islands, including Argyll.

The number of Scottish Gaelic-speaking individuals and communities declined sharply after the First World War.

Education Act 1872, which completely ignored Scottish Gaelic and led to generations of Gaels being forbidden to speak their native language in the classroom is recognised as having dealt a major blow to the language.

The government's Office of Scottish Gaelic Affairs offers lunch-time lessons to public servants in Halifax.

All these churches have Scottish Gaelic-speaking congregations throughout the Western Isles.

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Some Scottish names are Anglicized forms of Gaelic names: ?, ?, for instance.

Scottish Gaelic is an Indo-European language with an inflecting morphology, verb–subject–object word order and two grammatical genders.

However, Scottish Gaelic contains substantially more words of non-Goidelic extraction that Irish.

The main sources of loanwords into Scottish Gaelic are the Germanic languages English, Scots and Norse.

Many direct Latin loanwords in Scottish Gaelic were adopted during the Old and Middle Irish stages of the language and are often terms related to Christianity.

Scottish Gaelic contains a number of apparently P-Celtic loanwords, but it is not always possible to disentangle P and Q Celtic words.

Scottish Gaelic contains a number of words, principally toponymic elements, that are more closely aligned in their usage and sense with their Brittonic cognates than their Irish.

Scottish Gaelic has influenced the Scots language and English, particularly Scottish Standard English.

Scottish Gaelic orthography is very regular; its standard was set by the 1767 New Testament.

Notable examples of Scottish Gaelic verse composed in this manner are the Book of the Dean of Lismore and the manuscript.