Newberry Volcano is a large active shield-shaped stratovolcano located about 20 miles south of Bend, Oregon, United States, 35 miles east of the major crest of the Cascade Range, within the Newberry National Volcanic Monument.
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The volcano and its vicinity include many pyroclastic cones, lava flows and lava domes; Newberry has more than 400 vents, the most of any volcano in the contiguous United States.
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Newberry Volcano has an extremely dry climate due to its location in the rain shadow of the Cascade Range.
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Newberry Volcano has two crater lakes, Paulina Lake and East Lake, which are filled by precipitation and percolation of ground water.
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Flora within the Newberry Volcano area includes forests of juniper, whitebark pine, ponderosa pine, lodgepole pine, jack pine, and white fir, in addition to other plants like Indian paintbrush, purple penstemon, bitterbrush, manzanita, and snowbrush.
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Animals near Newberry Volcano include burrowing owls, kangaroo rats, lizards, bats, rattlesnakes, eagles, porcupines, otters, bobcats, mule deer, Roosevelt elk, ducks, and American pika.
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Newberry Volcano's origins are somewhat controversial; some scientists think it originated from an independent hotspot, but overwhelming evidence suggests that it is part of the Cascades Arc and was produced by the subduction of the oceanic Juan de Fuca and Gorda tectonic plates under the continental North American Plate.
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However, Newberry Volcano has been transformed by tectonic processes, possibly related to subductive mechanisms that enhance melting of the Juan de Fuca tectonic plate.
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Newberry Volcano is cut by several fault scarps, small step offsets on the ground surface where one side of a fault has moved vertically with respect to the other.
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Compositionally, lava from the Newberry Volcano has varied from primitive basalts with high magnesium levels to more evolved tholeiitic and calc-alkaline deposits .
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Additionally, Newberry Volcano has produced multiple, voluminous explosive eruptions, with certain studies estimating up to 60 eruptive events of rhyolite and dacite tephra that reach Idaho, Utah, and northern California.
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The name Mount Newberry Volcano was proposed by Israel Russell, who visited the area in 1903, though the name did not come into use.
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Newberry Volcano has had recent eruptive activity, has remained active for a long time, and has a shallow heat source feeding hot springs, it represents a source of geothermal energy.
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