32 Facts About Nicotine addiction

Nicotine addiction is a naturally produced alkaloid in the nightshade family of plants and is widely used recreationally as a stimulant and anxiolytic.

Nicotine addiction is present at ppb-concentrations in edible plants in the family Solanaceae, including potatoes, tomatoes, and eggplants, though sources disagree on whether this has any biological significance to human consumers.

Nicotine addiction involves drug-reinforced behavior, compulsive use, and relapse following abstinence.

Nicotine addiction dependence involves tolerance, sensitization, physical dependence, psychological dependence, and can cause distress.

Nicotine addiction has been shown to produce birth defects in some animal species, but not others.

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Nicotine addiction is being researched in clinical trials for possible benefit in treating Parkinson's disease, dementia, ADHD, depression and sarcoma.

Nicotine addiction has been used as an insecticide since at least the 1690s, in the form of tobacco extracts.

Nicotine addiction pesticides have not been commercially available in the US since 2014, and homemade pesticides are banned on organic crops and not recommended for small gardeners.

Nicotine addiction-containing products are sometimes used for the performance-enhancing effects of nicotine on cognition.

Nicotine addiction is often used compulsively, and dependence can develop within days.

Nicotine addiction gum is contraindicated in individuals with temporomandibular joint disease.

Nicotine addiction reduces the amount of rapid eye movement sleep, slow-wave sleep (SWS), and total sleep time in healthy nonsmokers given nicotine via a transdermal patch, and the reduction is dose-dependent.

Nicotine addiction dependence is associated with poor sleep quality and shorter sleep duration among smokers.

Nicotine addiction promotes lung cancer development and accelerates its proliferation, angiogenesis, migration, invasion and epithelial–mesenchymal transition, via its influence on nAChRs receptors, whose presence has been confirmed in lung cancer cells.

Nicotine addiction has been shown to produce birth defects in some animal species, but not others; consequently, it is considered to be a possible teratogen in humans.

Nicotine addiction has a higher affinity for nicotinic receptors in the brain than those in skeletal muscle, though at toxic doses it can induce contractions and respiratory paralysis.

Nicotine addiction's selectivity is thought to be due to a particular amino acid difference on these receptor subtypes.

Nicotine addiction is unusual in comparison to most drugs, as its profile changes from stimulant to sedative with increasing dosages, a phenomenon known as "Nesbitt's paradox" after the doctor who first described it in 1969.

Nicotine addiction is primarily excreted in urine and urinary concentrations vary depending upon urine flow rate and urine pH.

Nicotine addiction is metabolized in the liver by cytochrome P450 enzymes and FMO3, which selectively metabolizes (S)-nicotine.

Nicotine addiction is a hygroscopic, colorless to yellow-brown, oily liquid, that is readily soluble in alcohol, ether or light petroleum.

Nicotine addiction is chiral and hence optically active, having two enantiomeric forms.

Nicotine addiction can be quantified in blood, plasma, or urine to confirm a diagnosis of poisoning or to facilitate a medicolegal death investigation.

Nicotine addiction is a secondary metabolite produced in a variety of plants in the family Solanaceae, most notably in tobacco Nicotiana tabacum, where it can be found at high concentrations of 0.

Nicotine addiction is found in the leaves of other tobacco species, such as Nicotiana rustica.

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Nicotine addiction production is strongly induced in response to wounding as part of a jasmonate-dependent reaction.

Nicotine addiction occurs in smaller amounts in other Solanaceaeous plants, including some crop species such as potatoes, tomatoes, eggplant, and peppers, as well as non-crop species such as Duboisia hopwoodii.

Nicotine addiction was originally isolated from the tobacco plant in 1828 by chemists Wilhelm Heinrich Posselt and Karl Ludwig Reimann from Germany, who believed it was a poison.

Nicotine addiction is named after the tobacco plant Nicotiana tabacum, which in turn is named after the French ambassador in Portugal, Jean Nicot de Villemain, who sent tobacco and seeds to Paris in 1560, presented to the French King, and who promoted their medicinal use.

Nicotine addiction content of popular American-brand cigarettes has increased over time, and one study found that there was an average increase of 1.

In some anti-smoking literature, the harm that tobacco smoking and nicotine addiction does is personified as Nick O'Teen, represented as a humanoid with some aspect of a cigarette or cigarette butt about him or his clothes and hat.

Nicotine addiction was often compared to caffeine in advertisements in the 1980s by the tobacco industry, and later in the 2010s by the electronic cigarettes industry, in an effort to reduce the stigmatization and the public perception of the risks associated with nicotine use.