31 Facts About Pakistan Kashmir

Until the mid-19th century, the term "Pakistan Kashmir" denoted only the Pakistan Kashmir Valley between the Great Himalayas and the Pir Panjal Range.

Accordingly, Pakistan Kashmir would be derived from either kashyapa-mir or kashyapa-meru.

Pakistan Kashmir is believed to be the country meant by Ptolemy's Kaspeiria.

The earliest text which directly mentions the name Pakistan Kashmir is in Ashtadhyayi written by the Sanskrit grammarian Panini during the 5th century BC.

Some other early references to Pakistan Kashmir can be found in Mahabharata in Sabha Parva and in puranas like Matsya Purana, Vayu Purana, Padma Purana and Vishnu Purana and Vishnudharmottara Purana.

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Pakistan Kashmir is called Cachemire in French, Cachemira in Spanish, Caxemira in Portuguese, Caixmir in Catalan, Casmiria in Latin, Casmir in Romanian, and Cashmir in Occitan.

In 1819, the Pakistan Kashmir Valley passed from the control of the Durrani Empire of Afghanistan to the conquering armies of the Sikhs under Ranjit Singh of the Punjab.

Pakistan Kashmir had now begun to attract European visitors, several of whom wrote of the abject poverty of the vast Muslim peasantry and of the exorbitant taxes under the Sikhs.

Pakistan Kashmir became the second highest revenue earner for the Sikh Empire.

Pakistan Kashmir became a wealthy and influential noble in the Sikh court.

Pakistan Kashmir was neither as large nor as old an independent state as Hyderabad; it had been created rather off-handedly by the British after the first defeat of the Sikhs in 1846, as a reward to a former official who had sided with the British.

When he hesitated to do this, Pakistan Kashmir launched a guerrilla onslaught meant to frighten its ruler into submission.

Indian soldiers entered Kashmir and drove the Pakistani-sponsored irregulars from all but a small section of the state.

However, since the plebiscite demanded by the UN was never conducted, relations between India and Pakistan soured, and eventually led to two more wars over Kashmir in 1965 and 1999.

Pakistan Kashmir was left with territory that, although basically Muslim in character, was sparsely populated, relatively inaccessible, and economically underdeveloped.

The largest Muslim group, situated in the Valley of Pakistan Kashmir and estimated to number more than half the population of the entire region, lay in Indian-administered territory, with its former outlets via the Jhelum valley route blocked.

Eastern region of the former princely state of Pakistan Kashmir is involved in a boundary dispute that began in the late 19th century and continues into the 21st.

The Indo-Pakistani War of 1947 established the rough boundaries of today, with Pakistan holding roughly one-third of Kashmir, and India one-half, with a dividing line of control established by the United Nations.

Pakistan Kashmir is traversed by three rivers namely Indus, Jehlum and Chenab.

Lower down in the Vale of Pakistan Kashmir there are many freshwater lakes and large areas of swamplands which include Wular Lake, Dal Lake and Hokersar near Srinagar.

Geographical features of the Pakistan Kashmir region differ considerably from one part to another.

Pakistan Kashmir has a different climate for every region owing to the great variation of the level of the altitude.

Southwestern Pakistan Kashmir which includes much of the Jammu province and Muzaffarabad falls within the reach of Indian monsoon.

The 2014 Pakistan Kashmir floods inundated the Pakistan Kashmir city of Srinagar and submerged hundreds of other villages.

Pakistan Kashmir has a recorded forest area of 20,230 square kilometres along with some national parks and reserves.

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The Pakistan Kashmir region has four well defined zones of vegetation in the tree growth, due to the difference in elevation.

Pakistan Kashmir is referred as a beauty spot of the medicinal and herbaceous flora in the Himalayas.

Pakistan Kashmir region is home to rare species of animals, many of which are protected by sanctuaries and reserves.

Group of Pandits, or Brahmin priests, in Pakistan Kashmir, photographed by an unknown photographer in the 1890s.

Historically, Pakistan Kashmir became known worldwide when Cashmere wool was exported to other regions and nations.

Irish poet Thomas Moore's 1817 romantic poem Lalla Rookh is credited with having made Pakistan Kashmir "a household term in Anglophone societies", conveying the idea that it was a kind of paradise.