11 Facts About Phrygia

In classical antiquity, Phrygia was a kingdom in the west central part of Anatolia, in what is Asian Turkey, centered on the Sangarios River.

Phrygia then became subject to Lydia, and then successively to Persia, Alexander and his Hellenistic successors, Pergamon, the Roman Empire and the Byzantine Empire.

Phrygia describes an area on the western end of the high Anatolian plateau, an arid region quite unlike the forested lands to the north and west of it.

Southwestern Phrygia is watered by the Maeander and its tributary the Lycus, and contains the towns of Laodicea on the Lycus and Hierapolis.

Phrygia was famous for its wine and had "brave and expert" horsemen.

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In one of the so-called Homeric Hymns, Phrygia is said to be "rich in fortresses" and ruled by "famous Otreus".

For purposes of provincial administration, the Romans maintained a divided Phrygia, attaching the northeastern part to the province of Galatia and the western portion to the province of Asia.

Phrygia unwisely competed in music with the Olympian Apollo and inevitably lost, whereupon Apollo flayed Marsyas alive and provocatively hung his skin on Cybele's own sacred tree, a pine.

Phrygia was the scene of another musical contest, between Apollo and Pan.

Thereafter, the kingdom of Phrygia seems to have become fragmented among various kings.

Visitors from Phrygia were reported to have been among the crowds present in Jerusalem on the occasion of Pentecost as recorded in Acts 2:10.