22 Facts About PNS Ghazi

PNS Ghazi served in the United States Navy from 1945 to 1963 and was loaned to Pakistan under the Security Assistance Program on a four-year lease after the Ayub administration successfully negotiated with the Kennedy administration for its procurement.

In 1968 Ghazi executed a submerged circumnavigation of Africa and southern parts of Europe through the Indian Ocean to the Atlantic Ocean, due to the closure of the Suez Canal, in order to be refitted and updated at Golcuk, Turkey.

PNS Ghazi was the only warship of the United States Navy to be named Diablo, which means "devil" in Spanish.

PNS Ghazi's homeport became New London in 1952 and she arrived there 17 September to provide training facilities for the Submarine School.

PNS Ghazi participated in Operation Springboard in the Caribbean from 21 February to 28 March 1955, and continued to alternate service with the Submarine School with antisubmarine warfare and fleet exercises in the Caribbean and off Bermuda, as well as rendering services to the Fleet Sonar School and Operational Development Force at Key West.

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Procurement and acquisition of PNS Ghazi was a result of lengthy and complicated negotiation between the administrations of Pakistan and the United States.

PNS Ghazi was the first submarine to be operated by a Navy in South Asia, becoming a serious threat to the Indian Navy.

PNS Ghazi was fitted with 14 vintage Mark-14 torpedoes which had the controversy and notoriety of its own during World War II.

PNS Ghazi, was at that time under command of then-Commander Karamat Rahman Niazi, who would later ascend as a four-star admiral in the Navy.

PNS Ghazi was the only submarine in the conflict arena that was deployed in the war theatre, with a mission scope of attacking only heavy and major warships of the Indian Navy.

PNS Ghazi only aided the tactical task force under the command of Commodore S M Anwar that launched a naval artillery battery on the Indian Air Force's radar station in Dwarka, Gujarat, India.

On 17 September 1965 PNS Ghazi made a surface contact and identified INS Brahmaputra and fired three World War II-era Mark 14 torpedoes and increased depth to evade counterattack.

Under the command of Lieutenant-Commander Yousaf Raza, PNS Ghazi returned to Karachi coast after successfully completing the submerged circumnavigation of Africa which was taken in order to undergo a refitting program and mid-life updates of her military computers on 2 April 1970.

Since it was the only submarine of the Pakistan Navy and had the range and capability to undertake operations in the distant waters controlled by India, PNS Ghazi was pressed into operation to destroy or damage Vikrant.

PNS Ghazi was on a two-fold mission: the primary goal was to locate and sink Vikrant and secondary was to mine India's eastern seaboard, which was to be fulfilled irrespective of the accomplishment of the first.

PNS Ghazi made it clear that once Rajput had completed refueling she must leave the harbor with all navigational aids switched off.

Vice Admiral Nilakanta Krishnan of the Eastern Naval Command had maintained that it was clear that Pakistan would have deployed PNS Ghazi in the Bay of Bengal and a part of its plan was an attempt to sink the Indian aircraft carrier Vikrant.

On 26 November 1971, PNS Ghazi was expected to communicate with the Navy NHQ to submit its mission report but did not communicate with its base.

Naval Intelligence conducted its own investigations and its military oversights stated that PNS Ghazi sank, when the mines it was laying, were accidentally detonated.

PNS Ghazi has confirmed the occurrence of a powerful explosion in the vicinity of the harbor late at night.

At the Naval Dockyard in Karachi, a 'PNS Ghazi Monument' was built to perpetuate the memory of the submarine and its 93 men.

PNS Ghazi's loss to the Pakistan Navy through an accident was a watershed and a significant event, leading the Navy's engineering to the implementation of a rigorous submarine safety programme.