22 Facts About Vanadium

Vanadium is a chemical element with the symbol V and atomic number 23.

Vanadium occurs naturally in about 65 minerals and in fossil fuel deposits.

Vanadium was discovered in 1801 by the Spanish mineralogist Andres Manuel del Rio.

Vanadium found that its salts exhibit a wide variety of colors, and as a result he named the element panchromium .

Vanadium called the element vanadium after Old Norse Vanadis, because of the many beautifully colored chemical compounds it produces.

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Vanadium compounds are reducing agents, and vanadium compounds are oxidizing agents.

Vanadium pentoxide is a commercially important catalyst for the production of sulfuric acid, a reaction that exploits the ability of vanadium oxides to undergo redox reactions.

Vanadium ion is rather large and some complexes achieve coordination numbers greater than 6, as is the case in [V7].

Vanadium carbonyl, V6, is a rare example of a paramagnetic metal carbonyl.

Vanadium is detected spectroscopically in light from the Sun and sometimes in the light from other stars.

Vanadium is mined mostly in South Africa, north-western China, and eastern Russia.

Vanadium is present in bauxite and in deposits of crude oil, coal, oil shale, and tar sands.

Vanadium can be used as a substitute for molybdenum in armor steel, though the alloy produced is far more brittle and prone to spalling on non-penetrating impacts.

Vanadium is an important component of mixed metal oxide catalysts used in the oxidation of propane and propylene to acrolein, acrylic acid or the ammoxidation of propylene to acrylonitrile.

Vanadium oxide can be used to induce color centers in corundum to create simulated alexandrite jewelry, although alexandrite in nature is a chrysoberyl.

Vanadium redox battery, a type of flow battery, is an electrochemical cell consisting of aqueous vanadium ions in different oxidation states.

Vanadium foil is used in cladding titanium to steel because it is compatible with both iron and titanium.

Vanadium phosphates have been proposed as the cathode in the lithium vanadium phosphate battery, another type of lithium-ion battery.

Vanadium nitrogenase is used by some nitrogen-fixing micro-organisms, such as Azotobacter.

Vanadium is essential to tunicates, where it is stored in the highly acidified vacuoles of certain blood cell types, designated vanadocytes.

Vanadium is present in the coordination complex amavadin in fungal fruit-bodies.

Vanadium pentoxide was reported to be carcinogenic in male rats and in male and female mice by inhalation in an NTP study, although the interpretation of the results has recently been disputed.