Water-water energetic reactor, or VVER is a series of pressurized water reactor designs originally developed in the Soviet Union, and now Russia, by OKB Gidropress.
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Water-water energetic reactor, or VVER is a series of pressurized water reactor designs originally developed in the Soviet Union, and now Russia, by OKB Gidropress.
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VVER were originally developed before the 1970s, and have been continually updated.
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The first prototype VVER-210 was built at the Novovoronezh Nuclear Power Plant.
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Countries that are planning to introduce VVER reactors include Bangladesh, Egypt, Jordan, and Turkey.
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Larger VVER-1000 was developed after 1975 and is a four-loop system housed in a containment-type structure with a spray steam suppression system .
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VVER-1200 is the version currently offered for construction, being an evolution of the VVER-1000 with increased power output to about 1200 MWe and providing additional passive safety features.
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When first built the VVER design was intended to be operational for 35 years.
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VVER-1200 is an evolution of the VVER-1000 being offered for domestic and export use.
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Passive heat removal system had been added to the existing active systems in the AES-92 version of the VVER-1000 used for the Kudankulam Nuclear Power Plant in India.
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In June 2019 the VVER-TOI was certified as compliant with European Utility Requirements for nuclear power plants.
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