34 Facts About Bengali language

Bengali language is spoken by the Bengali language diasporas in Europe, the United States, the Middle East and other countries.

Bengali language has developed over the course of more than 1, 300 years.

The Bengali language evolved as a distinct language over the course of time.

The Bengali language was not static: different varieties coexisted and authors often wrote in multiple dialects in this period.

The ancestor of Bengali was the language of the Pala Empire and the Sena dynasty.

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Bengali language acquired prominence, over Persian, in the court of the Sultans of Bengal with the ascent of Jalaluddin Muhammad Shah.

Major texts of Middle Bengali language include Yusuf-Zulekha by Shah Muhammad Sagir and Shreekrishna Kirtana by the Chandidas poets.

The modern Bengali vocabulary contains the vocabulary base from Magadhi Prakrit and Pali, tatsamas and reborrowings from Sanskrit and other major borrowings from Persian, Arabic, Austroasiatic languages and other languages in contact with.

The Bengali Language Movement was a popular ethno-linguistic movement in the former East Bengal, which was a result of the strong linguistic consciousness of the Bengalis to gain and protect spoken and written Bengali's recognition as a state language of the then Dominion of Pakistan.

In 2010, the parliament of Bangladesh and the legislative assembly of West Bengal proposed that Bengali be made an official UN language, though no further action was taken on this matter.

Bengali language is native to the region of Bengal, which comprises the present-day nation of Bangladesh and the Indian state of West Bengal.

Bengali language is spoken in the neighbouring states of Odisha, Bihar, and Jharkhand, and sizeable minorities of Bengali language speakers reside in Indian cities outside Bengal, including Delhi, Mumbai, Thane, Varanasi, and Vrindavan.

In Pakistan, Bengali is a recognised secondary language in the city of Karachi.

Furthermore, it is believed by many that the national anthem of Sri Lanka was inspired by a Bengali language poem written by Rabindranath Tagore, while some even believe the anthem was originally written in Bengali language and then translated into Sinhala.

In 2009, elected representatives in both Bangladesh and West Bengal called for Bengali to be made an official language of the United Nations.

The influence of Tibeto-Burman languages on the phonology of Eastern Bengali is seen through the lack of nasalised vowels and an alveolar articulation of what are categorised as the "cerebral" consonants.

Bengali language is known for its wide variety of diphthongs, combinations of vowels occurring within the same syllable.

Bengali language words are virtually all trochaic; the primary stress falls on the initial syllable of the word, while secondary stress often falls on all odd-numbered syllables thereafter, giving strings such as in sho-ho-jo-gi-ta "cooperation", where the boldface represents primary and secondary stress.

Bengali language-Assamese script is an abugida, a script with letters for consonants, diacritics for vowels, and in which an inherent vowel is assumed for consonants if no vowel is marked.

The Bengali language alphabet is used throughout Bangladesh and eastern India.

The Bengali language alphabet is believed to have evolved from a modified Brahmic script around 1000 CE.

Bengali language script has a distinctive horizontal line running along the tops of the graphemes that links them together called matra.

Since the Bengali language script is an abugida, its consonant graphemes usually do not represent phonetic segments, but carry an "inherent" vowel and thus are syllabic in nature.

Vowel graphemes in Bengali language can take two forms: the independent form found in the basic inventory of the script and the dependent, abridged, allograph form.

Recently, in a bid to lessen this burden on young learners, efforts have been made by educational institutions in the two main Bengali language-speaking regions to address the opaque nature of many consonant clusters, and as a result, modern Bengali language textbooks are beginning to contain more and more "transparent" graphical forms of consonant clusters, in which the constituent consonants of a cluster are readily apparent from the graphical form.

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However, since this change is not as widespread and is not being followed as uniformly in the rest of the Bengali language printed literature, today's Bengali language-learning children will possibly have to learn to recognise both the new "transparent" and the old "opaque" forms, which ultimately amounts to an increase in learning burden.

The first version of the Aesop's Fables in Bengali language was printed using Roman letters based on English phonology by the Scottish linguist John Gilchrist.

In spite of some modifications in the 19th century, the Bengali spelling system continues to be based on the one used for Sanskrit, and thus does not take into account some sound mergers that have occurred in the spoken language.

The Bengali language writing system is, therefore, not always a true guide to pronunciation.

The Bengali language alphabet has often been included with the group of Brahmic scripts for romanisation where the true phonetic value of Bengali language is never represented.

Bengali language nouns are not assigned gender, which leads to minimal changing of adjectives.

Nouns in Bengali language cannot be counted by adding the numeral directly adjacent to the noun.

Inflectional suffixes in the morphology of Bengali language vary from region to region, along with minor differences in syntax.

Standard Bengali language is based on the Nadia dialect spoken in the Hindu majority states of West Bengal and parts of Muslim majority division of Khulna in Bangladesh.