19 Facts About Burgenland

Burgenland is the easternmost and least populous state of Austria.

The highest point entirely within Burgenland is 879 metres above sea level; the lowest point at 114 metres, is in the municipal area of Apetlon.

Burgenland is the state with the lowest GDP per capita in Austria.

Territory of present-day Burgenland was successively part of the Roman Empire, the Hun Empire, the Kingdom of the Ostrogoths, the Italian Kingdom of Odoacer, the Kingdom of the Lombards, the Avar Khaganate, the Frankish Empire, Dominion Aba belonging to the Aba ; Aba - Koszegi, the Kingdom of Hungary, the Habsburg monarchy, the Austrian Empire, Austria-Hungary, Austria.

Burgenland is the only Austrian state which has never been part of the Archduchy of Austria, Holy Roman Empire, German Confederation nor Austria-Hungary's Cisleithania.

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The territory of present-day Burgenland became part of the Italian Kingdom of Odoacer, but at the end of the 5th century the Ostrogothic king Theodoric conquered this kingdom and restored Ostrogothic administration in western Pannonia.

The area of Burgenland remained the western frontier of the medieval Kingdom of Hungary until the 16th century.

In 1440 the territory of present-day Burgenland was controlled by the Habsburgs of Austria, and in 1463 the northern part of it became a mortgage-territory according to the peace treaty of Wiener Neustadt.

In contrast to all the other present Austrian states, which had been part of Cisleithania, Burgenland did not constitute a specific Kronland, and when it was formed it did not have its own regional political and administrative institutions such as a Landtag and Statthalter .

The parliament decided in 1925 on Eisenstadt as the capital of Burgenland, and moved from the various provisional estates throughout the country to the newly built Landhaus in 1929.

Northern and central Burgenland joined the district of Niederdonau while southern Burgenland joined Styria.

The Jews of Burgenland were forced to emigrate in the immediate aftermath of the Anschluss.

Under Soviet occupation, people in Burgenland had to endure a period of serious mistreatment and an extremely slow economic progress, the latter induced by the presence of Soviet troops which discouraged investment.

The emigration in great haste of the Catholic remained population of western Slavonia into Burgenland was – as far as possible – organized by the estate owners.

Burgenland Croatian language is a 16th century dialect which is different from standard Croatian.

The Croats of Burgenland belong to the same group as their relatives on the other side of the modern-day border with Hungary.

The Hungarians of Burgenland were "orok", i e guards of the western frontier, and their special dialect is similar to the Szekelys in Transylvania.

In Croatian, Burgenland is known as Gradisce; in Hungarian as Orvidek, Felsoorvidek or Varvidek; in Slovene as Gradiscanska; and in the Prekmurje dialect as Gradisce.

The "Burgenland" name was adopted by the first provincial Landtag in 1922.