42 Facts About Hartlepool

Hartlepool is a seaside and port town in County Durham, England.

Hartlepool is locally administrated by Hartlepool Borough Council, a unitary authority which administrates outlying villages of Seaton Carew, Greatham, Hart Village, Dalton Piercy and Elwick.

Hartlepool was founded in the 7th century, around the monastery of Hartlepool Abbey.

Industrialisation in northern England and the start of a shipbuilding industry in the later part of the 19th century caused Hartlepool to be a target for the Imperial German Navy at the beginning of the First World War.

Hartlepool began as an Anglian settlement, and a town developed in the 7th century sited around Hartlepool Abbey, which had been founded in 640 by the Irish Christian priest Saint Aidan upon a headland overlooking a natural harbour and the North Sea.

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Angered, King Edward I confiscated the title to Hartlepool, and began to improve the town's military defences in expectation of war.

Hartlepool was militarily occupied by a Scottish incursion, this time in alliance with the Parliamentary Army during the English Civil War, which after 18 months was relieved by an English Parliamentarian garrison.

Ward Jackson helped to plan the layout of West Hartlepool and was responsible for the first public buildings.

Hartlepool was involved in the education and the welfare of the inhabitants.

Hartlepool spent the last few years of his life in London, far away from the town he had created.

Hartlepool was hit with a total of 1150 shells, killing 117 people.

Two coastal defence batteries at Hartlepool returned fire, launching 143 shells, and damaging three German ships: SMS Seydlitz, SMS Moltke and SMS Blucher.

The Hartlepool engagement lasted roughly 50 minutes, and the coastal artillery defence was supported by the Royal Navy in the form of four destroyers, two light cruisers and a submarine, none of which had any significant impact on the German attackers.

Hartlepool suffered badly in the Great Depression of the 1930s and endured high unemployment.

Today the term "West Hartlepool" is rarely heard outside the context of sport, but one of the town's Rugby Union teams still retains the name.

In 1887 West Hartlepool was incorporated as a municipal borough, with its own headquarters, West Hartlepool Town Hall, completed in 1897.

In 1902 West Hartlepool was incorporated as a county borough in its own right, remaining non-administratively in County Durham.

Since the 2010s, Hartlepool is part of the Tees Valley region, a mayor for the region was elected in 2016.

Hartlepool is represented in the House of Commons by one Member of Parliament.

The current MP for the Hartlepool constituency is Jill Mortimer of the Conservative Party.

On 13 October 2008 he was created Baron Mandelson of Foy and Hartlepool following his appointment as Secretary of State for Business, Enterprise and Regulatory Reform in the British Government.

Hartlepool falls within the jurisdiction of Cleveland Fire Brigade and Cleveland Police.

Hartlepool has two fire stations: a full-time station at Stranton and a retained station on the Headland.

Hartlepool's economy has historically been linked with the maritime industry, something which is still at the heart of local business.

Orchid Drinks of Hartlepool were formed in 1992 after a management buy out of the soft drinks arm of Camerons.

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On 28 June 2006 Hartlepool celebrated after winning its bid to host The Tall Ships' Races.

Hartlepool greeted the ships, which sailed from Kristiansand in Norway on the second and final leg of the race.

Hartlepool is served by two primary routes which are the A179 road and the A689 road, both linking the town to the A19 road.

Hartlepool is served by Hartlepool and Seaton Carew railway stations, both of which lie on the Durham Coast Line with hourly services to Sunderland, Newcastle and Middlesbrough, which are operated by Northern.

The service marks the first time since the 1980s that Hartlepool has had a direct rail link with London which takes around three and a half hours.

Hartlepool has been a major seaport virtually since it was founded, and has a long fishing heritage.

Hartlepool Marina is home to a wide variety of pleasure and working craft, with passage to and from the sea through a lock.

Hartlepool College of Further Education is an educational establishment located in the centre of the town, and existed in various forms for over a century.

Hartlepool United is the town's professional football club and they play at Victoria Park.

Hartlepool has produced football presenter Jeff Stelling, who has a renowned partnership with Chris Kamara who was born in nearby Middlesbrough.

Jeff Stelling is a keen supporter of Hartlepool United Football Club and often refers to them when presenting Sky Sports News.

Hartlepool Rovers, formed in 1879, who played at the Old Friarage in the Headland area of Hartlepool before moving to West View Road.

At the 2012 Summer Olympics, 21-year-old Savannah Marshall, who attended English Martyrs School and Sixth Form College in the town of Hartlepool, competed in the Women's boxing tournament of the 2012 Olympic Games.

Hartlepool finished sixth in the 200-metre butterfly final with a time of 58.

Hartlepool was a member of the eighth-place British team in the 400m Medley relay.

Hartlepool is known for allegedly executing a monkey during the Napoleonic Wars.

Hartlepool'storians have pointed to the prior existence of a Scottish folk song called "And the Boddamers hung the Monkey-O".