46 Facts About Sunderland

Alternatively, it is possible that Sunderland was later named in honour of Bede's connections to the area by people familiar with this statement of his.

Sunderland employed glaziers from France and in doing he re-established glass making in Britain.

Salt exports from Sunderland are recorded from as early as the 13th century, but in 1589 salt pans were laid at Bishopwearmouth Panns .

In 1797 the world's first patent ropery was built in Sunderland, using a steam-powered hemp-spinning machine which had been devised by a local schoolmaster, Richard Fothergill, in 1793; the ropery building still stands, in the Deptford area of the city.

In 1719, the parish of Sunderland was carved from the densely populated east end of Bishopwearmouth by the establishment of a new parish church, Holy Trinity Church, Sunderland .

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At the time of building, it was the biggest single-span bridge in the world; and because Sunderland had developed on a plateau above the river, it never suffered from the problem of interrupting the passage of high-masted vessels.

In 1794 Sunderland Barracks were built, behind the battery, close to what was then the tip of the headland.

In 1809 an Act of Parliament was passed creating an Improvement Commission, for 'paving, lighting, cleansing, watching and otherwise improving the town of Sunderland'; this provided the beginnings of a structure of local government for the township as a whole.

Later, the Sunderland Borough Act of 1851 abolished the Improvement Commission and vested its powers in the new Corporation.

Sunderland formed the Wearmouth Dock Company in 1832, obtained a Royal Charter for establishing a dock at Monkwearmouth riverside, and engaged no less a figure than Isambard Kingdom Brunel to provide designs .

Sunderland pottery was exported across Europe, with Sunderland Lustreware proving particularly popular in the home market; however the industry sharply declined later in the century due to foreign competition, and the largest remaining manufacturer closed in 1897.

In 2018 Sunderland was ranked as the best city to live and work in the UK by the finance firm OneFamily.

Sunderland was created a municipal borough of County Durham in 1835.

In 1986, Tyne and Wear County Council was abolished, and Sunderland became a unitary authority, independent from county council control.

Since 2014, the City of Sunderland has been a member of the North East Combined Authority, which is an alliance of the five former boroughs of Tyne and Wear and the neighbouring counties of Northumberland and County Durham.

However, Sunderland is still a unitary authority; combined authorities are voluntary alliances, in which local authorities agree to pool certain responsibilities and receive delegated functions from central government.

Sunderland is divided by the River Wear which passes through the middle of the city in a deeply incised valley, part of which is known as the Hylton gorge.

Check the unrestricted sprawl of the built up area of Sunderland; Assist in safeguarding the city's countryside from further encroachment; Assist in the regeneration of the urban area of the city; Preserve the setting and special character of Springwell Village; Prevent the merging of Sunderland with Tyneside, Washington, Houghton-le-Spring and Seaham, and the merging of Shiney Row with Washington, Chester-le-Street and Bournmoor.

Sunderland is less ethnically diverse than Gateshead and South Shields, mainly because of many outlying suburbs to the south, north and west of the city such as St Chad's, Southwick and Fulwell which have very high White British populations.

Many Sunderland Jews left for stronger Jewish communities in Britain, including Gateshead, or to Israel.

Since the mid-1980s Sunderland has undergone massive regeneration, particularly around the City Centre and the river corridor, following the industrial decline of the 1970s and early 1980s.

Sunderland was named in the shortlist of the top seven "intelligent cities" in the world for the use of information technology, in 2004 and 2005.

Sunderland Arc were in the process of purchasing land in the Sheepfolds, with a view to relocate the businesses and redevelop the site.

Sunderland Strategic Transport Corridor is a proposed transport link from the A19, through the city centre, to the port.

Port of Sunderland, owned by the city council, has been earmarked for medium-term redevelopment with a focus on mixed-use industry.

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Once hailed as the "Largest Shipbuilding Town in the World", ships were built on the Wear from at least 1346 onwards and by the mid-18th century Sunderland was one of the chief shipbuilding towns in the country.

Sunderland Docks was the home of operations for the shipbuilding industry on Wearside.

The Port of Sunderland was significantly expanded in the 1850s with the construction of Hudson Dock to designs by River Wear Commissioner's Engineer John Murray, with consultancy by Robert Stephenson.

Sunderland's was one of the most famous ships of her time and can claim to be the finest ship ever launched from a Sunderland yard.

Sunderland Polytechnic was founded in 1969, becoming the University of Sunderland in 1992.

The University of Sunderland was named the top university in England for providing the best student experience by The Times Higher Education Supplement in 2006.

Since 2001 Sunderland has been named the best new university in England by The Guardian and Government performance indicators showed Sunderland as the best new university in England for the quality, range and quantity of its research.

Sunderland College is a further education establishment with campuses located at the Bede centre on Durham Road, Hylton, Doxford International Business Park and 'Phoenix House' in the city centre.

Decades, Sunderland has been an electoral stronghold of the Labour Party.

Sunderland station has 5 direct trains to London King's Cross on weekdays, taking about 3 hours 30 minutes.

Sunderland station opened in 1879 but was completely redesigned to facilitate football teams and officials from countries who were drawn to play at Roker Park during England's hosting of the 1966 World Cup.

Sunderland strategic transport corridor project is an ongoing investment to the city's road infrastructure.

The majority of bus services in Sunderland are provided by Stagecoach in Sunderland and Go North East, with a handful of services provided by Arriva North East.

Port of Sunderland is the second largest municipally-owned port in the United Kingdom.

Dialect of Sunderland is known as Mackem, and contains a large amount of vocabulary and distinctive words and pronunciations not used in other parts of the United Kingdom.

Notable attractions for visitors to Sunderland include the 14th century Hylton Castle and the beaches of Roker and Seaburn.

Sunderland celebrates an annual Restaurant week, where city centre restaurants provide some of the best plates at low costs.

Sunderland wrote most of Jabberwocky at Whitburn as well as "The Walrus and the Carpenter".

Manor Quay' the students' union nightclub on St Peter's Riverside at the University of Sunderland, has hosted the Arctic Monkeys, Maximo Park, 911, the Levellers and Girls Aloud.

Sunderland is the only city that is not a capital of country twinned with Washington, D C, as it includes the town of Washington, the ancestral home of George Washington's family.

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Sunderland supporters are one of the oldest fan bases in England, and in 2019 it was reported that despite being in League One, Sunderland's average gates were higher than those of such teams as Lyon, Napoli, Roma, Valencia, Juventus, and Porto.