The presence and ongoing expansion of existing settlements by Israel and the construction of settlement outposts is frequently criticized as an obstacle to the Israeli–Palestinian peace process by the Palestinians, and third parties such as the OIC, the United Nations, Russia, the United Kingdom, France, and the European Union have echoed those criticisms.
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West Bank Palestinians have their cases tried in Israel's military courts while Jewish Israeli settlement settlers living in the same occupied territory are tried in civil courts.
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Thus, the Israeli settlement government maintains an administrative distinction between Israeli settlement citizens and non-citizens in East Jerusalem, but the Jerusalem municipality does not.
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The land was allocated in such a way that each Israeli settlement settler disposed of 400 times the land available to the Palestinian refugees, and 20 times the volume of water allowed to the peasant farmers of the Strip.
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Position of successive Israeli governments is that all authorized settlements are entirely legal and consistent with international law.
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Amnesty International argues that Israel's Israeli settlement policy is discriminatory and a violation of Palestinian human rights.
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Israeli settlement said "We strongly discourage work in the settlements, since the entire enterprise is illegal and illegitimate.
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In 2008, Haaretz wrote that "Israeli settlement society has become accustomed to seeing lawbreaking settlers receive special treatment and no other group could similarly attack Israeli settlement law enforcement agencies without being severely punished.
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Human Rights Watch in 2010 reported that Israeli settlement policies have had the effect of "forcing residents to leave their communities".
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Israeli settlement cited Israel's dismantlement of settlements in both the Sinai which took place after a peace agreement, and its unilateral dismantlement of settlements in the Gaza Strip.
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Israeli settlement presumed that settlements would stop being built were Palestinians to establish a state in a given area.
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The issue of the ratio of land Israel would give to the Palestinians in exchange for keeping Israeli settlement blocs is an issue of dispute, with the Palestinians demanding that the ratio be 1:1, and Israel insisting that other factors be considered as well.
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Israeli Foreign Minister Avigdor Lieberman has proposed a plan which would see settlement blocs annexed to Israel in exchange for heavily Arab areas inside Israel as part of a population exchange.
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On 19 June 2011, Haaretz reported that the Israeli cabinet voted to revoke Defense Minister Ehud Barak's authority to veto new settlement construction in the West Bank, by transferring this authority from the Agriculture Ministry, headed by Barak ally Orit Noked, to the Prime Minister's office.
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The legal mechanism is known as "market regulation" and relies on the notion that wildcat Israeli settlement homes built on private Palestinian land were done so in good faith.
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Israeli settlement government announced in 2019 that it has made monetary grants available for the construction of hotels in Area C of the West Bank.
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New Israeli government, formed on 13 June 2021, declared a "status quo" in the settlements policy.
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