17 Facts About Khmelnytsky Uprising

Khmelnytsky Uprising, known as the Cossack-Polish War, the Chmielnicki Uprising, the Khmelnytsky massacre or the Khmelnytsky insurrection, was a Cossack rebellion that took place between 1648 and 1657 in the eastern territories of the Polish–Lithuanian Commonwealth, which led to the creation of a Cossack Hetmanate in Ukraine.

Khmelnytsky Uprising has a symbolic meaning in the history of Ukraine's relationship with Poland and Russia.

In Jewish history, the Khmelnytsky Uprising is known for the concomitant outrages against the Jews who, in their capacity as leaseholders, were seen by the peasants as their immediate oppressors.

All through the autumn of 1647, Khmelnytsky Uprising travelled from one regiment to another and had numerous consultations with different Cossack leaders throughout Ukraine.

Khmelnytsky Uprising's activity raised the suspicions of Polish authorities already used to Cossack revolts, and he was promptly arrested.

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Khmelnytsky Uprising managed to overcome more than a century of mutual hostility between Cossacks and Tatars.

Khmelnytsky Uprising turned the idea of Cossack as "protector of the Christian people" on its head by agreeing to pay the Khan of Crimea with jasyr or Christian captives.

Khmelnytsky Uprising threw most of his resources into recruiting more fighters.

Khmelnytsky Uprising sent emissaries to Crimea, enjoining the Tatars to join him in a potential assault against their shared enemy, the Commonwealth.

Khmelnytsky Uprising marshalled his forces and met his enemy at the Battle of Zhovti Vody, which saw a considerable amount of defections on the field of battle by registered Cossacks, who changed their allegiance from the Commonwealth to Khmelnytsky Uprising.

Khmelnytsky Uprising stopped his forces at Bila Tserkva and issued a list of demands to the Polish Crown, including raising the number of Registered Cossacks, returning churches taken from the Orthodox faithful and paying the Cossacks for wages, which had been withheld for five years.

Khmelnytsky Uprising had his forces join a peasant revolt at the Battle of Pyliavtsi, striking another terrible blow to weakened and depleted Polish forces.

Khmelnytsky Uprising requested for Khmelnytsky to stop his campaign and await the royal delegation.

Khmelnytsky Uprising answered that he would comply with his monarch's request and then turned back.

Khmelnytsky Uprising had to decide whether to stay under Polish–Lithuanian influence or ally with the Muscovites.

Khmelnytsky Uprising began a period in Polish history known as The Deluge, that temporarily freed the Ukrainians from Polish domination but in a short time subjected them to Russian domination.

Between 1648 and 1656, tens of thousands of Jews—given the lack of reliable data, it is impossible to establish more accurate figures—were killed by the rebels, and to this day the Khmelnytsky uprising is considered by Jews to be one of the most traumatic events in their history.