29 Facts About Lake Erie

Lake Erie is the fourth largest lake of the five Great Lakes in North America and the eleventh-largest globally.

Lake Erie is primarily fed by the Detroit River and drains via the Niagara River and Niagara Falls into Lake Ontario.

Lake Erie has 31 islands, located generally in the western side of the lake.

Lake Erie is the shallowest of the Great Lakes because the ice was relatively thin and lacked erosion power when it reached that far south, according to one view.

The Erie tribe lived along the southern edge, while the Neutrals lived along the northern shore.

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For decades after those wars, the land around eastern Lake Erie was claimed and utilized by the Iroquois as a hunting ground.

Lake Erie was the last of the Great Lakes to be explored by Europeans, since the Iroquois who occupied the Niagara River area were in conflict with the French, and they did not allow explorers or traders to pass through; explorers followed rivers out of Lake Ontario and portaged to Lake Huron.

Since slavery had been abolished in Canada in 1833 but was still legal in southern U S, a Lake Erie crossing was sometimes required for fugitive slaves seeking freedom:.

Lake Erie arose to the height of about three miles, and started off at a slow but steady rate.

Lake Erie first struck the water about 25 miles below Long Point.

Preservation of the fisheries of Lake Erie has become a serious problem to all who have given it close attention.

In January 2011, for example, residents of Cleveland were glad when Lake Erie was "90 percent frozen" since it meant that the area had "made it over the hump" in terms of enduring repeated snowfalls which required much shoveling.

In contrast, Lake Erie Michigan has never completely frozen over since the warmer and deeper portion is in the south, although it came close to being totally frozen during three harsh winters over the past century.

Lake Erie is responsible for microclimates that are important to agriculture.

Lake Erie has a complex ecosystem with many species in interaction.

Lake Erie has been plagued with a number of invasive species, including zebra and quagga mussels, the goby and the grass carp.

The invasive plant species in Lake Erie consist mainly of Eurasian milfoil, Trapa natans and purple loosestrife.

One recent account suggests that the seasonal algae blooms in Lake Erie were possibly caused by runoff from cities, fertilizers, zebra mussels, and livestock near water.

Algae blooms continued in early 2013, but new farming techniques, climate change and even a change in Lake Erie's ecosystem make phosphorus pollution more intractable.

Lake Erie infamously became very polluted in the 1960s and 1970s as a result of the quantity of heavy industry situated in cities on its shores, with reports of bacteria-laden beaches and fish contaminated by industrial waste.

Lake Erie is home to one of the world's largest freshwater commercial fisheries.

Commercial fishing in Lake Erie has been hurt by pollution as well as government regulations which limit the size of their catch; one report suggested that the numbers of fishing boats and employees had declined by two-thirds in recent decades.

The Lake Erie fishery was one of the first fisheries in the world managed on individual transferable quotas and features mandatory daily catch reporting and intensive auditing of the catch reporting system.

Lake Erie can be thought of as a common asset with multiple purposes including being a fishery.

In Ontario, Long Point is a peninsula on the northwest shore near Port Rowan that extends 20 miles into Lake Erie which is a stopover for birds migrating as well as turtles; Long Point Provincial Park is located there and has been designated as a UNESCO Biosphere reserve.

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In 1997, The New York Times reporter Donna Marchetti took a bike tour around the Lake Erie perimeter, traveling 40 miles per day and staying at bed and breakfasts.

Lake Erie's biked through the cities of Cleveland, Erie, Windsor, Detroit and Toledo as well as resort towns, vineyards, and cornfields.

Lake Erie islands tend to be in the westernmost part of the lake and have different characters.

Lake Erie has been a shipping lane for maritime vessels for centuries.