44 Facts About Lord Rosebery

Lord Rosebery first came to national attention in 1879 by sponsoring the successful Midlothian campaign of William Ewart Gladstone.

Lord Rosebery entered the cabinet in 1885 and served twice as foreign minister, paying special attention to French and German affairs.

Lord Rosebery succeeded Gladstone as prime minister and leader of the Liberal Party in 1894; the Liberals lost the 1895 election.

Lord Rosebery resigned the party leadership in 1896 and never again held political office.

Lord Rosebery was widely known as a brilliant orator, an outstanding sportsman and marksman, a writer and historian, connoisseur and collector.

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Lord Rosebery was a Liberal Imperialist who favoured strong national defence and imperialism abroad and social reform at home, while being solidly anti-socialist.

Lord Rosebery's father was Archibald Primrose, Lord Dalmeny, son and heir apparent to Archibald Primrose, 4th Earl of Rosebery, whom he predeceased.

Lord Rosebery Dalmeny was a courtesy title used by the Earl's eldest son and heir apparent, during the Earl's lifetime, and was one of the Earl's lesser Scottish titles.

Lord Rosebery's mother was Lady Wilhelmina Stanhope, a historian who later wrote under her second married name "the Duchess of Cleveland", a daughter of Philip Stanhope, 4th Earl Stanhope.

Lord Rosebery left Oxford in 1868: Dalmeny bought a horse named Ladas, although a rule banned undergraduates from owning horses.

Lord Rosebery chose the latter, and subsequently was a prominent figure in British horseracing for 40 years.

Lord Rosebery was pressed to marry Marie Fox, the sixteen-year-old adopted daughter of Henry Fox, 4th Baron Holland.

Lord Rosebery is reputed to have said that he had three aims in life: to win the Derby, to marry an heiress, and to become Prime Minister.

At Eton, Lord Rosebery notably attacked Charles I of England for his despotism, and went on to praise his Whig forebears – his ancestor, James Stanhope, 1st Earl Stanhope, was a minister to George I of Great Britain.

Lord Rosebery based this on what he had observed in elections in the United States.

Lord Rosebery served as Foreign Secretary in Gladstone's brief third ministry in 1886.

Lord Rosebery served as the first chairman of the London County Council, set up by the Conservatives in 1889.

Lord Rosebery served as President of the first day of the 1890 Co-operative Congress.

Lord Rosebery became a leader of the Liberal Imperialist faction of the Liberal Party and when Gladstone retired, in 1894, Lord Rosebery succeeded him as Prime Minister, much to the disgust of Sir William Harcourt, the Chancellor of the Exchequer and leader of the more left-wing Liberals.

Lord Rosebery's selection was largely because Queen Victoria disliked most of the other leading Liberals.

Lord Rosebery spoke out for a strongly pro-Armenian and anti-Turkish policy.

Lord Rosebery remained the Liberal leader for another year, then permanently retired from politics.

Lord Rosebery resigned as leader of the Liberal Party on 6 October 1896, to be succeeded by William Harcourt and gradually moved further and further from the mainstream of the party.

Lord Rosebery supported the war, and brought along many nonconformists likewise.

In 1902 Lord Rosebery was installed as president of the newly formed “Liberal League” which superseded the Liberal Imperialist League and counted amongst its vice presidents Asquith and Grey.

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Lord Rosebery's positions made it impossible to join the Liberal government that returned to power in 1905.

Lord Rosebery joined the die-hard unionist peers in attacking Lloyd George's redistributive People's Budget in 1909 but stopped short of voting against the measure for fear of bringing retribution upon the Lords.

On 20 March 1878,31-year-old Lord Rosebery married 27-year-old Hannah de Rothschild, only child and sole heiress of the Jewish banker Mayer Amschel de Rothschild, and the wealthiest British heiress of her day.

Lord Rosebery's father had died four years previously in 1874, and bequeathed to her the bulk of his estate.

Lord Rosebery was a notorious misogynist, and liked to surround himself with younger men.

Lord Rosebery was devastated by his murder at the hands of Greek brigands in 1870, keeping the anniversary sacred for the rest of his life.

Queensberry believed, as he put it in a letter, that "Snob Queers like Lord Rosebery" had corrupted his sons, and he held Lord Rosebery indirectly responsible for Drumlanrig's death.

Lord Rosebery claimed to have evidence of Rosebery's transgressions but that was never confirmed.

Michael Bloch, in 2015, has no doubt that Lord Rosebery was at least romantically interested in men, making him one of the four figures presented in the first chapter of his book on homosexual and bisexual British politicians of the 20th century.

Lord Rosebery regained his mental powers, but his movement, hearing, and sight remained impaired for the rest of his life.

Lord Rosebery died at his Epsom, Surrey home of The Durdans on 21 May 1929, to the accompaniment, as he had requested, of a gramophone recording of the "Eton Boating Song".

Lord Rosebery built another stable and stud near Mentmore Towers at Crafton, Buckinghamshire, called Crafton Stud.

Lord Rosebery became the first president of the London Scottish Rugby Football Club in 1878, developed a keen interest in association football and was an early patron of the sport in Scotland.

Lord Rosebery became Honorary President of the national Scottish Football Association, with the representative Scotland national team and Honorary President of Heart of Midlothian FC.

Lord Rosebery was a keen collector of fine books and amassed an excellent library.

Lord Rosebery unveiled the statue of Robert Burns in Dumfries on 6 April 1882.

In London, Lord Rosebery Avenue, running between Holborn and Clerkenwell, was named after him, in recognition of his service as the London County Council's first chairman.

Lord Rosebery, Tasmania is named after him, via the name of a mining company.

In October 1895 Lord Rosebery opened the new Liberal Club on Westborough, in Scarborough, only months after being Prime Minister.