14 Facts About Mexican Kickapoo

Mexican Kickapoo are a binational Indigenous people, some of whom live both in Mexico and in the United States.

In 1979, the Mexican Kickapoo who were dual residents requested clarification of their status, as they had no clear legal status in either the United States or Mexico.

Mexican Kickapoo traditionally have a president of the ejido, who is supported by a council of elders for making business decisions, but, a larger assembly made up of the heads of families decides all important, tribal political matters.

Mexican Kickapoo are matrilocal, meaning that young couples live in housing compounds and living arrangements near the woman's mother and grandmother.

Mexican Kickapoo speak the Kickapoo language, which is a Fox language, part of the large Algonquian languages family.

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Around the same time as the Mexican Kickapoo moved into Kansas, some of them went to Texas, invited to settle there by the Spanish colonial governor to serve as a buffer between Mexico and American expansionists.

Mexican Kickapoo said that they were unaware that the agreement had been reached and thought that they were still negotiating terms.

Some frustrated Mexican Kickapoo decided to leave Kansas, and a group of about 700 headed for Mexico in September 1864 to join kinsmen there.

At the peak of their strength, the southern Mexican Kickapoo, numbered about 1500, and by 1860 were living in a swath from the Canadian and Washita Rivers in Indian Territory to the Sabine and Brazos Rivers in Texas to the Remolino River in northern Mexico.

The Mexican Kickapoo who left Kansas in the fall of 1864 were led by chiefs Pecan, Papicua, and Nokohat.

The Mexican Kickapoo had lost about 15 warriors and the Texans twice as many men.

Armed with these two acts, Indian Agent John D Miles, went with a delegation of Kansas Kickapoo to try to persuade the Indians at Santa Rosa to return to the United States.

In 1873, after complaints were received that Mexican authorities were using the Kickapoo to hide the theft of Texas cattle by Mexicans, the US made another attempt to bring the Kickapoo to Indian Territory.

The Mexican Kickapoo were "bitterly opposed" to allotment and fought the process until 1894.