72 Facts About Texas

Texas is a state in the South Central region of the United States.

Texas is nicknamed the Lone Star State for its former status as an independent republic, and as a reminder of the state's struggle for independence from Mexico.

Term "six flags over Texas" refers to several nations that have ruled over the territory.

Texas developed a diversified economy and high tech industry during the mid-20th century.

Texas has led the U S in state export revenue since 2002, and has the second-highest gross state product.

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Name Texas, based on the Caddo word 'friend', was applied, in the spelling or, by the Spanish to the Caddo themselves, specifically the Hasinai Confederacy, the final -s representing the Spanish plural.

In 1825, Texas had about 3, 500 people, with most of Mexican descent.

The provisional government soon collapsed from infighting, and Texas was without clear governance for the first two months of 1836.

The Constitution of the Republic of Texas prohibited the government from restricting slavery or freeing slaves, and required free people of African descent to leave the country.

Comanche Indians furnished the main Native American opposition to the Texas Republic, manifested in multiple raids on settlements.

Texas was finally annexed when the expansionist James K Polk won the election of 1844.

In return, for US$18, 250, 000, Mexico gave the U S undisputed control of Texas, ceded the Mexican Cession in 1848, most of which today is called the American Southwest, and Texas's borders were established at the Rio Grande.

Post-war Texas grew rapidly as migrants poured into the cotton lands of the state.

Texas descended into anarchy for two months between the surrender of the Army of Northern Virginia and the assumption of authority by Union General Gordon Granger.

Indeed, "Gone to Texas" was a common expression for those fleeing the law in other states.

In 1900, Texas suffered the deadliest natural disaster in U S history during the Galveston hurricane.

Texas modernized and expanded its system of higher education through the 1960s.

Texas has the largest Black and African American population with over 3.

Texas became a major destination for migration during the early 21st century and was named the most popular state to move for three consecutive years.

In November 2020, Texas was selected as one of four states to test Pfizer's COVID-19 vaccine distribution.

Texas is the second-largest U S state, after Alaska, and the largest state within the contiguous United States, with an area of 268, 820 square miles.

Texas is in the south central part of the United States of America.

The Texas Panhandle has an eastern border with Oklahoma at 100° W, a northern border with Oklahoma at 36°30' N and a western border with New Mexico at 103° W El Paso lies on the state's western tip at 32° N and the Rio Grande.

Texas has 3, 700 named streams and 15 major rivers, with the Rio Grande as the largest.

Size and unique history of Texas make its regional affiliation debatable; it can be fairly considered a Southern or a Southwestern state, or both.

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Notable extremes range from East Texas which is often considered an extension of the Deep South, to Far West Texas which is generally acknowledged to be part of the interior Southwest.

Texas is the southernmost part of the Great Plains, which ends in the south against the folded Sierra Madre Occidental of Mexico.

East Texas outcrops consist of Cretaceous and Paleogene sediments which contain important deposits of Eocene lignite.

Texas plays host to several species of wasps, including an abundance of Polistes exclamans, and is an important ground for the study of Polistes annularis.

Texas has the largest number of people living in colonias of all states.

Texas has 254 counties, which is more than any other state by 95.

Texas is the second-most populous state in the United States after California.

Texas has the fifth highest rate of teenage births in the nation and a plurality of these are to Hispanics or Latinos.

The largest Catholic jurisdictions in Texas are the Archdiocese of Galveston-Houston—the first and oldest Latin Church diocese in Texas—the dioceses of Dallas, Fort Worth, and the Archdiocese of San Antonio.

Texas's economy is the second-largest of any country subdivision globally, behind California.

Texas has the joint-highest number of Fortune 500 company headquarters in the United States, along with California.

In 2010, there were 346, 000 millionaires in Texas, constituting the second-largest population of millionaires in the nation.

Texas is one of seven states that lack a state income tax.

Texas is a "tax donor state"; in 2005, for every dollar Texans paid to the federal government in federal income taxes, the state got back about $0.

Texas has the most farms and the highest acreage in the United States.

Texas leads the nation in the production of cattle, horses, sheep, goats, wool, mohair and hay.

Texas has known petroleum deposits of about 5 billion barrels, which makes up about one-fourth of the known U S reserves.

The Port Arthur Refinery in Southeast Texas is the largest refinery in the U S Texas leads in natural gas production, producing one-fourth of the nation's supply.

Unlike the rest of the nation, most of Texas is on its own alternating current power grid, the Texas Interconnection.

The Roscoe Wind Farm in Roscoe, Texas, is one of the world's largest wind farms with a 781.

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Texas is placed in the Southern United States by the United States Census Bureau.

Texas has made a strong mark on national and international pop culture.

Texas was the largest U S state until Alaska became a state in 1959.

Between 2006 and 2007, Texas spent $7, 275 per pupil, ranking it below the national average of $9, 389.

Texas paid instructors $41, 744, below the national average of $46, 593.

Texas has over 1, 000 school districts; all districts except the Stafford Municipal School District are independent from municipal government and many cross city boundaries.

Students in Texas take the State of Texas Assessments of Academic Readiness in primary and secondary school.

The rate of school corporal punishment in Texas is surpassed only by Mississippi, Alabama, and Arkansas.

In May 2006, Texas initiated the program "code red" in response to the report the state had 25.

Texas had only one city in the top 25 among the "fittest cities" in America.

Texas has the highest maternal mortality rate in the developed world, and the rate by which Texas women died from pregnancy-related complications doubled from 2010 to 2014, to 23.

In May 2021, the state legislature passed the Texas Heartbeat Act, which banned abortion from as early as six weeks of pregnancy, except to save the life of the mother.

Texas has two Biosafety Level 4 laboratories: one at The University of Texas Medical Branch (UTMB) in Galveston, and the other at the Southwest Foundation for Biomedical Research in San Antonio—the first privately owned BSL-4 lab in the United States.

The University of Texas M D Anderson Cancer Center in Houston is a highly regarded academic institution that centers around cancer patient care, research, education and prevention.

Texas has compensated by building America's largest highway and railway systems.

Texas has 730 airports, second-most of any state in the nation.

Texas ports connect with the rest of the U S Atlantic seaboard with the Gulf section of the Intracoastal Waterway.

Since 1911, Texas has led the nation in length of railroad miles within the state.

Texas has a plural executive branch system limiting the power of the governor, which is a weak executive compared to some other states.

Judiciary of Texas is among the most complex in the United States, with many layers and overlapping jurisdictions.

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Texas is notable for its use of capital punishment, having led the country in executions since capital punishment was reinstated in the Gregg v Georgia case.

The Texas Rangers were unofficially created by Stephen F Austin in 1823 and formally constituted in 1835.

Texas constitution defines the responsibilities of county governments, which serve as agents of the state.

Since 1980, most Texas voters have supported Republican presidential candidates.

Residents of counties along the Rio Grande closer to the Mexico–United States border, where there are many Latino residents, generally vote for Democratic Party candidates, while most other rural and suburban areas of Texas have shifted to voting for Republican Party candidates.

Texas has a reputation of very harsh criminal punishment for criminal offenses.

Outside the "Big Four", Texas has a WNBA team, and three Major League Soccer teams (Austin FC, Houston Dynamo and FC Dallas).